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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 eras of policing
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early policing, 20th cty reform (reform era, community era
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Political era
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dominated by politics, police has little training but discretion. Used the patronage system (favors)
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Reform Era
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professional Model, emphasized centralized police orgs, increase use of technology, and used more regulations and guidelines
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Community Era
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stresses cooperation with community and problem solving. Police treat ppl better
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Functions of a police officer
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1. enforce law
2. provide community service 3. prevent crime from occuring 4. preserving the peace |
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Reactive strategies
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officers respond/react to individual calls for service, goal is to handle crime quickly, alternative is respond more quickly to serious crimes
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Proactive strategies
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innovative techniques to try to prevent crimes from happening in the first place
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hot crimes
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crimes that are more serious
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Ex of community policing strategies
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public education, watch programs, foot patrol, adopt a cop
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Dual court system
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state courts and federal courts
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Federal courts
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enforce fed law in all 50 states and d.c.
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jurisdiction
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court's authority to hear a case
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geographical jurisdiction
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hear disputes arising within specific political boundaries
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judicial circuits
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a specifc jurisdiction served by a judge or court
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subject matter jurisdiction
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power to hear and decide only specific types of cases (ie misdemeanors, appeals, civil actions under 1,000)
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courts of limited jurisdiction
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"lower courts" do not try felony cases, no appellate authority, entry courts, receive bail
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courts of general jurisdiction
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felony cases, circuit courts or district courts. In fla, county courts can be general juris.
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crts of appellate jurisdiction
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restricted to matters being appealed from lower courts
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intermediate appelate courts
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appeals courts
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court of last resort
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supreme court or us supreme court
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us supreme court
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highest in nation, 9 justices (chief-John Roberts), serve for life, nominated by president comfirmed by senate
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certiorari power
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supreme crts authority to exercise its own discretion in deciding ehich cased to hear
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rule of 4
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to hear a case, 4 justices must agree
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county courts 67 in state
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limited jurisdiction, try suits up to 15,000
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circuit courts 20 in state
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general jurisdiction, cases not assigned to county crts
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district courts of appeal 5
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hear cases appealed from circuit crt
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fla's supreme crt
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7 justices (chief Fred lewis)
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