Cranial Nerves And Methods Of Testing

Front 1

Cranial Nerve I

Olfactory Nerve

Afferent

Back 1

Smell: Nose

Front 2

Cranial Nerve I

Olfactory Nerve

Test

Back 2

identify familiar smells (coffee, chocolate, etc)

Front 3

Cranial Nerve II

Optic

Afferent

Back 3

Sight: Eye

Front 4

Cranial Nerve II

Olfactory

Test

Back 4

Test visual field

Front 5

Cranial Nerve III

Oculomotor

Efferent

Back 5

Voluntary motor; Levator of eyelid; superior, medial, and inferior recti; inferior oblique muscle of eyeball

autonomic: smooth muscle of eyeball

Front 6

Cranial Nerve III

Oculomotor

test

Back 6

upward, downward, and medial gaze

reaction to light (pupil constriction)

Front 7

Cranial Nerve IV

Trochlear

Efferent

Back 7

voluntary motion: superior oblique muscle of eyeball

Front 8

Cranial Nerve IV

Trochlear

Test

Back 8

downward and lateral gaze

Front 9

Cranial Nerve V

Trigeminal

Afferent

Back 9

Touch, pain: skin of face, mucous membranes of nose, sinuses, mouth, anterior tongue

Front 10

Cranial Nerve V

Trigeminal

Efferent

Back 10

Voluntary motor: muscles of mastication

Front 11

Cranial Nerve V

Trigeminal

Test

Back 11

corneal reflex

face sensation

clench teeth; push down on chin to separate jaws

Front 12

Cranial Nerve VI

Abducens

Efferent

Back 12

voluntary motor: lateral rectus muscle of eyeball

Front 13

Cranial Nerve VI

Abducens

Test

Back 13

Lateral gaze

Front 14

Cranial Nerve VII

Facial

Afferent

Back 14

taste: anterior tongue

Front 15

Cranial Nerve VII

Facial

Efferent

Back 15

voluntary motor: facial muscles

autonomic: lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands

Front 16

Cranial Nerve VII

Facial

Test

Back 16

close eyes tight

smile and show teeth

whistle and puff cheeks

identify familiar tastes (sweet, sour, salty, etc.)

Front 17

Cranial Nerve VIII

Vestibulocochlear (acoustic nerve)

Afferent

Back 17

Hearing: Ear

Balance: Ear

Front 18

Cranial Nerve VIII

Vestibulocochlear (acoustic nerve)

test

Back 18

Hear watch ticking

hearing tests

balance and coordination test

Front 19

Cranial Nerve IX

Glossophayngeal

Afferent

Back 19

Touch, Pain: posterior tongue, pharynx

Taste: Posterior tongue

Front 20

Cranial Nerve IX

Glossophayngeal

Efferent

Back 20

Voluntary motor: select muscles of pharynx

Autonomic: parotid gland

Front 21

Cranial Nerve IX

Glossophayngeal

Test

Back 21

Gag reflex

Ability to swallow

Front 22

Cranial Nerve X

Vagus

Afferent

Back 22

Touch, pain: pharynx, larynx, bronchi

Taste: tongue, epiglottis

Front 23

Cranial Nerve X

Vagus

Efferent

Back 23

Voluntary motor: muscles of palate, pharynx, larynx

Autonomic: thoracic and abdominal viscera

Front 24

Cranial Nerve X

Vagus

Test

Back 24

Gag Reflex

Ability to swallow

Say, "Ahhh"

Front 25

Cranial Nerve XI

Accessory

Efferent

Back 25

Voluntary motor: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle

Front 26

Cranial Nerve XI

Accessory

Test

Back 26

Resisted shoulder shrug

Front 27

Cranial Nerve XII

Hypoglossal

Efferent

Back 27

Voluntary motor: muscles of tongue

Front 28

Cranial Nerve XII

Hypoglossal

Test

Back 28

tongue protrusion (if injured, tongue deviates toward injured side)