Corrections Midterm

Front 1

What concept holds thathuman behavior is governed by the individual’s calculation of the benefits versus the costs of ones acts?

Back 1

Utilitarianism

Front 2

The goal of rehabilitationis oriented solely toward the __________and does not imply any consistent relationship between the severity of the punishment and the gravity of the crime

Back 2

Offender

Front 3

According to Clear, Cole,and Reisig ____________ is the most visible penalty imposed by the criminal justice system.

Back 3

Imprisonment

Front 4

Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and __________ in the community.

Back 4

Supervision

Front 5

________________ asserts that aperson who has infringed the rights of others deserves to be penalized or punished.

Back 5

Retribution

Front 6

Depriving an offender ofthe ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison,is ____________

Back 6

Incapacitation

Front 7

Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against ___________ and ___________

Back 7

Victim and Community

Front 8

_______________ assumes that society can remove an offender’s capacity to commit further crimes by detention in prison or by execution.

Back 8

Incapacitation

Front 9

_____________ is the punishment inflicted on a person who has violated a criminal law and so deserves to be punished.

Back 9

Retribution

Front 10

The most frequently applied criminal sanction is _____________

Back 10

Probation

Front 11

A writ of habeas corpus requests an examination of the legality of ____________

Back 11

Confinement

Front 12

What court decision heldthat the basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of an inmate?

Back 12

Wolff v. McDonnell

Front 13

What two correctional changes can be attributed to the prisoners’ rights movement?

Back 13

Improvement in institutional livingconditions and administrative practices of many prisons

Front 14

The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found in which Amendment?

Back 14

8th

Front 15

List 3 ways a corrections staff member can insulate themselves against civil lawsuits is to:

Back 15

Get a mentor

Keep good records

Follow institution procedures

Front 16

The _______ amendment focuses on the right to religious freedom

Back 16

1st

Front 17

The _________ amendment focuses on the protection of privacy within the scope of search and seizure

Back 17

4th

Front 18

The constitutional guarantee that no agent or instrumentality of government will use anything to arrest, prosecute, try, or punish any person other than that prescribed by law is procedural ___________

Back 18

Due Process

Front 19

_________ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation.

Back 19

2/3

Front 20

The _________________ offender is most likely to be the object of exploitation and practical jokes while incarcerated.

Back 20

Mentally Handicapped

Front 21

Half of those entering state prisons are __________ years old.

Back 21

18-27

Front 22

Factors influencing the filtering process through the correctional system include department policy and _______________

Back 22

Decision to grant bail

Front 23

_____________ produce more disastrous consequences than heroin addicts

Back 23

Alcoholics

Front 24

One of the most successful alcohol treatment programs having shown effectiveness is ________________

Back 24

Alcoholics Anonymous

Front 25

A person who in a particular set of circumstances has violated the law but is not normally given to criminal behavior and who is unlikely to repeat the offense is the _____________

Back 25

Situational Offender

Front 26

Jails are the _______________ criminal justice system.

Back 26

Entry point into the

Front 27

The nation has just over _________ jails

Back 27

2800

Front 28

By far the most successfulpretrial release program is ___________________

Back 28

Release on own Recognizance

Front 29

Violence, rape, and health problems are direct and immediate consequences of ______________

Back 29

Overcrowding

Front 30

At least _____________ people are detained in ajail at some time during the year

Back 30

7 to 8 Million

Front 31

Three quarters of all jailsare operated by an elected official known as a ___________

Back 31

Sheriff

Front 32

Half of all people placed in jail were under the influence of ___________ and _____________ at the time of arrest.

Back 32

Alcohol and An Illegal Drug

Front 33

The period _____________ after arrest and detention is when most inmates commit suicide

Back 33

Immediately

Front 34

What is the average caseload for probation officers in New York City?

Back 34

162 probationers per officer

Front 35

Who was the first person to provide bail for defendants under the authority of the Boston Police Court in1841?

Back 35

John Augustus

Front 36

Probation was originally used mainly for ___________

Back 36

First time Offenders

Front 37

____________ is a drug that inhibits drinking

Back 37

Antabuse

Front 38

In what case did the Supreme Court rule that the defendant does not have a right to receive a copy of the presentence investigation report?

Back 38

Williams v. New York

Front 39

List 2 ways probation can be terminated:

Back 39

Person successfully completes the period of probation

Person’s probationary status is revoked becauseof misbehavior

Front 40

The ability to influence a person’s actions in a desired direction without resorting to force is known as _______________

Back 40

Authority

Front 41

________________ increases the effectiveness of correctional treatment by having the probation officer interact with the client while promoting the clients change process.

Back 41

Motivational interviewing

Front 42

A ____________________ is now a standard in the PSI where an interview is conducted by the probation officer to the victim of the crime.

Back 42

Victim Impact Statement

Front 43

PSI plays its most important role at _______________

Back 43

Sentencing