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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anaphylactic shock
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caused by acute allergic reaction
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antigen
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anything recognized as foreign by the immune system and produces an immune reaction
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cardiogenic shock
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caused when the heart is diseased such that it cannot maintain circulation to the tissues
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hypovolemic shock
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caused by loss of fluids such as occurs during hemorrhaging, extensive burns or severe vomiting or diarrhea
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inotropic agent
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drug/chemical that changes the force of contraction of the heart
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neurogenic shock
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results from brain or spinal cord injury
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septic shock
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type of shock caused by severe infection in the bloodstream
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shock
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clinical syndrome characterized by collapse of circulatory system
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Most types of shock have a high mortality rate.
TRUE or FALSE |
TRUE
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The side effects of dopamine may be quite serious due to the extremely long half-life of the drug.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
"Side effects are normally self-limiting because of the short half-life of the drug." p270 |
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Cardiotonic drugs are also known as chronotropic agents.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
"Cardiotonic drugs, also known as inotropic agents..." p269 |
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Shock is a clinical syndrome characterized by collapse of the _____ system.
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circulatory
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The initial treatment of shock is often non-pharmacologic, and includes administration of _____ _____ _____.
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basic life support
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In the early stages of shock the body compensates for the fall in blood pressure by increasing the activity of the ______ nervous system.
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sympathetic
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Norepinephrine (Levarterenol) acts directly on _____- adrenergic receptors to raise blood pressure.
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alpha
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At low doses, dopamine selectively stimulates 1_____ receptors, whereas at higher doses, it stimulates 2_____ _____ receptors.
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1) dopaminergic
2) beta1 adrenergic |
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Anaphylactic shock involves an abnormality in a second body system, the _____ system.
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immune
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An antigen may be defined as anything that is recognized as ______ by the immune system.
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foreign
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A fall in blood pressure sometimes causes a rebound speeding up of the heart known as _____ _____.
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reflex tachycardia
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The class of drugs in which norepinephrine (Levarterenol) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
a. Vasoconstrictor
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The class of drugs in which digoxin (Lanoxin) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
b. Cardiotonic
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The class of drugs in which metaraminol (Aramine) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
a. Vasoconstrictor
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The class of drugs in which diphenhydramine (Benadryl) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
c. Other
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The class of drugs in which mephentermine (Wyamine) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
a. Vasoconstrictor
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The class of drugs in which dopamine (Dopastat, Intropin) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
b. Cardiotonic
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The class of drugs in which albuterol (Proventil) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
c. Other
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The class of drugs in which methoxamine (Vasoxyl) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
a. Vasoconstrictor
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The class of drugs in which dobutamine (Dobutrex) belongs:
a. Vasoconstrictor b. Cardiotonic c. Other |
b. Cardiotonic
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Which of the following would most likely occur in a client experiencing an overdose to epinephrine?
a. hypoglycemia b. hypertension c. bronchospasm d. diarrhea |
b. hypertension
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Shock is a condition characterized by:
a. extremely high blood pressure b. abnormal cardiac rhythm c. vital tissues not receiving enough blood to function properly d. the heart not pumping with suffcient contractility |
c. vital tissues not receiving enough blood to function properly
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Which of the following is not a common sign or symptom of shock?
a. feeling weak, without any specific symptoms b. restlessness, anxiety, confusion, and lack of interest c. thirst d. hypertension |
d. hypertension
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A weak or unresponsive client with obvious trauma or bleeding to a limb might be experiencing ______ shock.
a. hypovolemic b. neurogenic c. cardiogenic d. anaphylactic |
a. hypovolemic
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In many types of shock, the most serious medical challenge facing the client is:
a. heart failure b. brain damage c. hypotension d. MI |
c. hypotension
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The purpose of administering vasoconstrictors to a client with shock is to:
a. prevent dysrhythmias b. stabilize blood pressure c. prevent post-shock mortality d. prevent blood pressure from rising to harmful levels |
b. stabilize blood pressure
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Most of the agents used to raise blood pressure in clients with shock:
a. are CNS stimulants b. are CNS depressants c. activate the parasympathetic nervous system d. activate the sympathetic nervous system |
d. activate the sympathetic nervous system
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Norepinephrine (Levarterenol) activates _____ adrenergic-receptors.
a. alpha b. beta1 c. both alpha and beta1 d. neither alpha nor beta1 |
c. both alpha and beta1
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In addition to its use in shock, norepinephrine is also of value in treating:
a. cardiac arrest b. hypertension c. dysrhythmias d. strokes |
a. cardiac arrest
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The primary use of cardiotonic drugs in the treatment of shock is to increase:
a. blood pressure b. the force of mycardial contraction c. heart rate d. conduction velocity across the myocardium |
b. the force of myocardial contraction
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Dobutamine (Dobutrex) is a ______ that has value in the treatment of certain types of shock, due to its ability to cause the heart to beat more forcefully, without causing major effects on heart rate.
a. selective beta1-blocker b. cholinergic-blocker c. cardiac glycoside d. beta1-adrenergic agonist |
d. beta1-adrenergic agonist
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Dopamine (Intropin) is the immediate metabolic precursor to:
a. acetylcholine b. norepinephrine c. GABA d. serotonin |
b. norepinephrine
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During anaphylaxis the body responds quickly by releasing massive amounts of:
a. prostaglandin b. acetylcholinesterase c. histamine d. antihistamine |
c. histamine
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Which of the following would least likely be given to a client experiencing anaphylactic shock?
a. morphine sulfphate b. oxygen c. diphenhydramine (Benadryl) d. albuterol (Proventil) |
a. morphine sulfate
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Epinephrine (Adrenalin) activates _____ adrenergic-receptors.
a. alpha b. beta c. both alpha and beta d. neither alpha nor beta |
c. both alpha and beta
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Within minutes after administration of epinephrine (Adrenalin), activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors will:
a. increase blood pressure b. open the bronchi and relieve the client's shortness of breath c. stimulate the heart to beat more forcefully d. relieve symptoms of hives and itching |
b. open the bronchi and relieve the client's shortness of breath
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A widespread inflammatory response to bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection can result in which type of shock?
a. cardiogenic b. hypovolemic c. neurogenic d. septic |
d. septic
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