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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the hymen?
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Hymen is the connection from the vagina to the vestibule
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What does the estrous cycle determine when estrus (heat) takes place?
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Follicles grow throughout cycle, but only a small number or one will ovulate and cause the increase in plasma estradiol, allowing for the external signs of heat or “estrus”
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What the difference between the follicular and luteal phase?
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Follicular phase- the time the follicle predominates (estrogen present, consists of proestrus and estrus)
Luteal phase – the time the CL predominates (progesterone present, consists of mestestrus and diestrus) |
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What is Follicular atresia ?
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those follicles who don’t progress to ovulation and go small
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What happens during proestrus?
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graafian follicle is growing under the influence of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) causing estradiol (estrus) to be produced.
Causes changes in the uterus and vagina |
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Define estrum
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is characterized by desire, female acceptance of the male
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What does estrogen from the follicle do?
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causes the cilia in the oviducts to move, muscles contract, cervix relaxes in preparation to accept the sperm
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What triggers ovulation?
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luteinizing hormone
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What is required by induced ovulators?
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coitus before LH surge occurs (cats, rabbits, ferrets…)
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What is significant in the diestrum?
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longest phase in most species, where the CL is mature, and produces progesterone
This prepares the endometrium for the placenta When the CL regresses, follicles begin their recruitment and then proestrus returns. Complicated negative feedback mechanism |
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What is anestrum characterized?
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by inactive functional ovaries, and reproductive tract
It is eventually followed by proestrus |
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What happens once ovulation has occured?
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fimbria grab ovum from ovary.
Cilia move it towards the uterus |
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Where does fertilization occur?
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ampulla of the oviduct
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How does fertilization takes place?
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Sperm should reach the site of fertilization before the ovum
Uterine contractions and oviduct contractions propel sperm forward (tie helps) Sperms once in attaches to the uterus, 2nd meiosis occurs, 2nd polar body extruded Egg is now activated Chromosones (pronucleus of oocyte and head of sperm) do syngamy Cleavage occurs |
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What is embryo transport?
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Usually enters uterus at 8-16 cell stage (day 3-4 post ovulation)
Under endocrine control, decreased levels of estrogen are important Reason that post breeding administration of estrogen stops tubal transport (morning after pill) |
