Computing Gcse

Front 1

What is a computer?

Back 1

A computer is anything that has:

-Input

-Storage

-Process

-Output

Hint 1

ISPO

Front 2

Why is reliability important?

Back 2

Because computers are always used! People can lose money via banks, e-mails can be lost, and people can get hurt if a driverless car breaks.

Hint 2

Think about what would happen if a computer broke

Front 3

Name three standards.

Back 3

There are three types of standards:

-Open

-Proprietary

-De facto

Hint 3

OPD

Front 4

What are standards?

Back 4

Standards allow, or dont allow, people to copy a product.

Front 5

What is the purpose of a CPU?

Back 5

It is used to carry out processing in the computer by fetching data and instructions from the memory then decoding and executing them.

Hint 5

FDE

Front 6

Memory Management

Back 6

It is necessary to enable lots of programs to use memory without overwriting or corrupting each other

Hint 6

Overwriting and corrupting

Front 7

Peripheral management

Back 7

Devices external to the computer - Keyboard, printer, scanners

Hint 7

External

Front 8

Multi-Tasking

Back 8

Completing multiple tasks at once

Hint 8

Think- "MULTI"

Front 9

User Interface

Back 9

It allows the user to interact with the operating system

Front 10

Security

Back 10

The OS needs to make sure that the users data and programs are protected. Many operating systems come built in with firewalls and anti-virus systems

Front 11

Viruses

Back 11

Viruses are types of malware that create copies of themselves and spread across many computers

Front 12

Spyware

Back 12

Spyware is malware that monitors what you are doing on your computer - The websites you visit and even the keys you press

Hint 12

Think "Spying" - Watching?

Front 13

Firewall

Back 13

A firewall is malware that sits between you and your network to filter out any malicious packages

Front 14

Formatting

Back 14

Formatting means preparing a disk for initial use

Front 15

File transfer

Back 15

File transfer means moving files and data between different locations

Front 16

De-Fragmentation

Back 16

When files are written to a hard drive, not all parts of the file are placed together. De-Frag moves all of the disks contents around so that all the parts of a file are next to each other

Front 17

System diagnosis

Back 17

System diagnosis gives you key information about the computer

Front 18

Clean up tools

Back 18

Clean up tools try to improve the computers performance by removing icons and programs that are rarely used

Front 19

Auto Update

Back 19

Auto update on the OS checks the manufacturers website to see if there is an update.

Front 20

Bespoke software

Back 20

Software created directly for the user

Front 21

Off the shelf software

Back 21

Widely available for anyone

Front 22

Bitmap Images

Back 22

Binary can be used tocreate bitmap images.​Bitmap images aremade up of a grid(or map) of pixels.​Each pixel is assigneda binary code torepresent it’s colour.

Front 23

Resolution

Back 23

​The concentration of pixels in a bitmap is called its resolution.​The higher the resolution (the more pixels it has) the more detailed an image is but the more space it takes up on disk.

Front 24

Meta Data

Back 24

As well as the binary value of each pixel a bitmap image holds:​

- The height of the image in pixels

- The width of the image in pixels

- The number of bits used for each pixel​

This helps the computer structure the image, otherwise it just has a string of bits.

Front 25

What is a database?

Back 25

A persistent, organised, structured store of data.

Hint 25

Database - Think 'Data' and 'Base' - where everything is held?

Front 26

Data handling software

Back 26

Data handling software (like Microsoft Access or BaseBear) is used to create databases, add new information or edit existing information.

Front 27

What is DBMS?

Back 27

DataBase Management System:

Used to manage the database by creating tables, inserting data, executing queries etc.

Hint 27

DBMS - Abbreviation!

Front 28

Separating the application and Database

Back 28

Separating the application and the database means that the database can be accessed from lots of different applications.

Front 29

Customized data handling applications

Back 29

Using the DBMS to create a set of tools for setting up and maintaining a specific database.

Front 30

What is a relational database?

Back 30

A database which contains multiple tables linked by primary and foreign keys.

Hint 30

Relational - Linked?

Front 31

What is an entity?

Back 31

A real world object about which data is being held.

Front 32

Tables

Back 32

Tables hold data about a specific entity, i.e a student.

Hint 32

Tables - Charts?

Front 33

Forms

Back 33

A form is an input screen that allows data to be displayed and edited.

Front 34

Queries

Back 34

A query is a command that is used to search the database and return relevant results:

SELECT*FROM students

WHERE age>17

Front 35

Report

Back 35

An output of data in the database in a specific format, usually printed.

Front 36

Modules

Back 36

Used to add functionality to a database. Modules contain statements and subroutines that are stored together as a unit and can be executed by the user.

Front 37

Logical operators in database queries

Back 37

< - Less than

> - Greater than

NOT

AND

OR

Front 38

Primary and Foreign keys

Back 38

Primary and Foreign keys are used to link related records in different tables.

​Primary key is a unique identifier.

​Foreign key is a value which is the primary key of a record in another table.

Front 39

Data validation

Back 39

Data Validation is used to make sure the data entered meets set results.

Hint 39

Validation - Is it correct?

Front 40

Length Check

Back 40

Data entered is the correct length eg 6 characters for a password

Hint 40

Length - How long?

Front 41

Format Check

Back 41

Data is in the correct format eg dd/mm/yyy

Hint 41

Format - Correct type?

Front 42

Range check

Back 42

Data is within a specific range eg age is between 1 and 150.

Hint 42

Range - Think maths

Front 43

Presence check

Back 43

Data has been entered e.g user must enter a password

Hint 43

Presence - is it there?

Front 44

Match Check

Back 44

Data must be one of a number of specific options, e.g. Male or Female.

Front 45

Computers and the Environment

Back 45

When they are created: They are made of lots of minerals like gold which need to be mined and plastics which come from oil.

​

When they are used: They are powered by electricity which is created by burning fossil fuels.​

When they are disposed of: They contain lots of toxic chemicals like lead and mercury that can get into water supplies and harm the environment.

Front 46

Computer Misuse Act (1990)

Back 46

Makes it illegal to access computers without permission (hacking).

Front 47

Data protection act (1980)

Back 47

Makes it illegal for people to sell on personal data without the subject's permission.

Front 48

Regulation of investigatory powers act (RIPA)

Back 48

Makes it legal for the government to read your e-mails and tap your phone.

Front 49

Health & safety at work act

Back 49

Means employers have to provide equipment (eg adjustable chairs) so employees don't get hurt whilst using computers.

Front 50

Copyright Act

Back 50

Makes it illegal to distribute artistic works (like music) without the owner's permission.