Computers

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a computer that has two way access to other computers - it can recieve requests, and reply to those requests

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host

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a term used when talking about the internet

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cyberspace

Front 3

global system of computers of thousands of privately and publicly owned computer networks that began in the 1960s

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internet

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specialized devices that connect networks

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routers

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supply user connections to the internet and protect networks from outside threats

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internet service providers

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a for profit firm that provides a proprietary network

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online service provider

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public location that provides internet access for wireless devices

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hot spot

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uses modem and telephone line

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dialup access

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high speed online connection - external modem with telephone lines

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DSL

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high speed internet service with antenna and dish

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satellite

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high speed internet - fiber optic lines

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fiber optic service

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internet information resource

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web

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program that displays web pages and linked items

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web browser

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collection of web pages

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web site

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the default page displayed when you enter a site

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home page (index page)

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uses links to connect to additional related information

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hypertext

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words or images that bring other documents into view when clicked

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links

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format used for web pages

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HTML hypertext markup language

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every device connected to the internet, inculding PCs and servers, is given a unique network identifier

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IP address

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identifies internet resources type and location

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URL uniform resource locator

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What is a URL made up of?

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HTTP, domain name, path, and resource name

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process of transferring a file or document from one computer to user's computer

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downloading

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process of transferring a file or document from user's computer to another computer

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uploading

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method to transfer files over the internet, use when files are too large to attach to emails

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file transfer protocol

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index data bases of web pages to enable fast information searches

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search engine tools

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place quotation marks around a phrase to retrieve only sites that contain the exact phrase

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phrase searching

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find web pages with criteria after plus sign

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inclusion operators

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exclude web pages with criteria after minus sign

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exclusion operators

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unsolicited e-mails, usually from advertisers

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spam

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malicious software destorys a computer system

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malware

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gathers data from a system without knowledge

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spyware

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uses can speak to others over a broadband internet connection instead of an analog phone line

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VoIP voice over internet protocol

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conducting business through the use of networks or the internet

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e-commerce

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refers to a business through the use of networks or the internet

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business to business

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exchange of business between individuals

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consumer to consumer

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consumers shopping online rather than at a physical store for services and products

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business to consumer

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when a child is targeted for abuse through digital tools

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cyberbullying

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use email, instant messaging, chat rooms, pagers, cell phones, and other forms of information technology to make repeated, credible threats of violence against an individual or family

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cyberstalkers

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process of sending and receiving messages electronically between two points

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communications

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path to send and receive messages

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communications channel

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continuous waves

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analog signals

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discontinuous, discrete pulses

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digital signals

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translate signals

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converters

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the maximum amount of data transmitted through a communication channel at one time

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bandwidth

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the actual amount of data transmitted

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throughput

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any transmission medium that carries several channels transporting data at high speeds

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broadband

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the ability to hear or see content while it is being downloaded from a website

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streaming

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a communication used to send and receive data

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modem

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transmits digital signals

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modulation

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returns signals to analog form

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demodulate

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types of modems

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- analog
- DSL
- Cable
- ISDN

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rate at which two modems exchange data, measured in bits per second

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data transfer rate

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copper wire used for telephone and data communication - two pairs of interweaved wires twisted together

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twisted pair wire

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consists of copper wire surrounded by insulation and braided wire

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coaxial cable (broad band, cable tv)

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consists of thin strands of glass or plastic that carry data through pulses of light

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fiber-optic cable

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wireless transmission medium that carries data through the air using light beams, sending and receiving devices must be in line of sight

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infrared

Front 57

enables music, photos, and voice to travel through the air as radio frequency or radio waves

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radio transmission

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radio transmission enables devices within 30 feet to communicate wirelessly

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bluetooth

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transmit data via electromagnetic radio waves with short frequencies

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microwaves

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microwave relay stations in space that transmit data through microwave signals

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satellites

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consumer satellite technology that receives digital TV signals through a reception dish

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direct broadband satellite

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telephones and transmissions are digital, and companies use a private branch exchange

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digital telephony

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allows multiple calls over a single line

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multiplexing

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broad term for group of technologies offering high speed access

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DSL

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provides internet access through cable tv connections

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cable based broadband

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specially consitioned telephone lines between two points

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leased lines

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process of transforming data into a digital form

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digitization

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blending multiple industries and products

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convergence

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network of transmitters broadcasts signals throughout geographic areas called cells

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cell sites

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included in every cellular network, that controls communication within a set of cells

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mobile switching centers

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phones with features of phones and computing devices

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smartphones

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transmits documents over a telephone line or the internet using either a standalone fax machine or a computer with a fax modem and a scanner

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fax