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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Von Neumann architecture |
Data and instructions are stored in a single memory space Data and instructions are transmitted through a shared bus |
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Harvard architecture |
Data and instructions are stored in separate memories Can be faster as the transmission of data and instructions can occur in parallel |
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Bus system control CPU connections |
Back and forth control Send address Back and forth data |
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Bus system memory connections |
Back and forth control Receive address Back and forth data |
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Input and output |
Back and forth control Back and forth address Back and forth data |
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The fetch execute cycle |
Program counter increases and indicates the next instruction to be fetched Contents of PC are sent to the memory address register which then goes to the main memory along the address bus Instruction in the memory is transferred via the data bus to the Memory Buffer Register The contents of the MBR are copied to the current instruction register and the instruction is decoded and executed by the ALU |
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Accumulator |
Special register used as fast temporary storage by the ALU |
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Status register |
Used to hold the status of data such as whether it is negative or overflow |
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Opcode |
4 bits The instructions of machine code |
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Operand |
12 bits The memory address of machine code |
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Factors affecting processor performance |
Clock speed Number of cores Cache memory Word length Address bus width Data bus width |
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Hard disk advantages and disadvantages |
High storage capacity Data can be corrupted due to fragility Slow access speeds compared to SSD |
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Optical disk advantages and disadvantages |
Portable device that is cheap to produce Reasonable capacity and faster access than magnetic Disk can be scratched and data corrupted Less storage capacity than hard disk and slower access speeds |
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Solid state disk advantages and disadvantages |
Fast access speeds and can be portable Significantly more expensive than others |
