Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
218 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
|
Internet
|
|
|
commonly known today as a server, is a computer that provides services and connections to other computers on a network.
|
host
|
|
|
communications activity on the internet
|
traffic
|
|
|
takes place when the modem in your computer uses a standard telephone line to connect to the internet.
|
Dial-up access
|
|
|
a technology that provides high speed internet connections using regular copper telephone lines.
|
DSL digital subscriber line
|
|
|
allows access to high speed internet services through the cable television network.
|
cable modem
|
|
|
high speed internet connections use a dish shaped antenna on your house or business to communicate with a tower location via radio signals.
|
fixed wireless
|
|
|
communicates with a satellite dish to provide high speed internet connections via satellite
|
satellite modem
|
|
|
provide wireless internet connections to users with mobile computers or devices
|
hot spot
|
|
|
a business that provides individuals and companies access to the internet free or for a fee.
|
access provider
|
|
|
a regional or national access provider.
|
ISP Internet service provider
|
|
|
usually provides internet access to a specific geographic area.
|
regional ISP
|
|
|
a business that provides internet access in cities and towns nationwide.
|
national ISP
|
|
|
examples of this are AOL and MSN
|
OSP Online service provider
|
|
|
with dial up internet access the telephone number you dial connects you to an access point on the internet called this
|
POP point of presence
|
|
|
a company that provides wireless internet access to computers with wireless modems or access devices or to internet enabled mobile computers or devices
|
Wireless Internet Service Provider
|
|
|
several main transmission media carry the heaviest amount of traffic on the internet. These major carriers of network traffic are known collectively as the...
|
internet backbone
|
|
|
a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the internet.
|
IP address (internet protocol address)
|
|
|
the text version of an IP address.
|
Domain name
|
|
|
the term sometimes used to describe organizations with a top level domain of com.
|
Dot-com
|
|
|
the method that the internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses
|
domain name system (DNS)
|
|
|
translates the domain name to its associated IP address so data can be routed to the correct computer
|
DNS server
|
|
|
consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents.
|
WWW or world wide web
|
|
|
each eletronic document on the web is called
|
web page
|
|
|
a collection of related web pages and associated items, such as documents and pictures, stored on a web server.
|
web site
|
|
|
a computer that delivers requested web pages to your computer.
|
web server
|
|
|
application software that allows users to access and view web pages.(Examples include explorer, netscape, firefox and mozilla)
|
web browser or browser
|
|
|
refers to the first page that a website displays.
|
home page
|
|
|
the process of a computer receiving information, such as a web page, from a server on the internet.
|
downloading
|
|
|
a web page has a unique address
|
URL or web address
|
|
|
a built in connection to another related web page or part of a web page
|
Link or hyperlink
|
|
|
refers to the activity of using links to explore the web
|
surfing the web
|
|
|
a set of rules that defines how pages transfer on the internet
|
http hypertext tranfer protocol
|
|
|
classifies web pages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories.
|
subject directory
|
|
|
a program that finds web sites and web pages.
|
search engine
|
|
|
search engines require that you enter a word or phrase that define the item about which you want information
|
search text or keyword
|
|
|
Portal, News, Informational, Business/marketing,entertainment, advocacy, blog, wiki, content aggregator, rss 2.0, personal,and educational are all examples of what?
|
types of web sites
|
|
|
a web site that offers a variety of internet services from a single, convenient location.
|
portal
|
|
|
a web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships.
|
web community
|
|
|
an informal web site consisting of time stamped articles, or posts, in a diary or journal format, usually listed in reverse chronological order.
|
blog short for weblog
|
|
|
a collaborative web site that allows users to add to, modify, or delete the web site content via their web browser.
|
wiki
|
|
|
a business that gathers and organizes web content and then distributes, or feeds, the content to subscribers for free or a fee.
|
content aggregator
|
|
|
refers to any application that combines text with graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality.
|
multimedia
|
|
|
a digital representation of nontext information such as drawing, chart, or photograph.
|
graphic or graphical image
|
|
|
a small version of a larger graphic
|
thumbnail
|
|
|
the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence.
|
animation
|
|
|
this format reduces an audio file to about one-tenth its original size, while preserving much of the original quality of sound.
|
MP3
|
|
|
the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow
|
streaming
|
|
|
enables you to listen to music as it downloads to your computer
|
streaming audio
|
|
|
consists of full motion images that are played back at various speeds
|
video
|
|
|
the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three dimensional space.
|
virtual reality
|
|
|
a program that extends the capability of a browser
|
plug-in
|
|
|
the development and maintenance of web pages
|
web publishing
|
|
|
a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the internet
|
e-commerce
|
|
|
the transmission of messages and files via a computer network
|
e-mail
|
|
|
a combination of a user name and a domain name that identifies a user so he or she can recieve internet e-mail
|
email address
|
|
|
a unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user.
|
user name
|
|
|
an internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading (transferring) with other computers on the internet.
|
FTP file transfer protocol
|
|
|
the process of transferring documents, graphics, and other objects from your computer to a server on the internet.
|
uploading
|
|
|
an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject
|
newsgroup
|
|
|
a group of email names and addresses given a single name
|
mailing list
|
|
|
a real time typed conversation that takes place on a computer
|
chat
|
|
|
means that you and the people with whom you are conversing are online at the same time
|
real time
|
|
|
a location on an internet server that permits users to chat with each other.
|
chat room
|
|
|
a real time internet communications service that notifies you when one or more people are online and then allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with them
|
Instant Messaging
|
|
|
enables users to speak to other users over the internet using their desktop computer, mobile computer, or mobile device.
|
internet telophony
|
|
|
short for internet etiquette, is the code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the internet
|
netiquette
|
|
|
a collection of data organized in a manor that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data.
|
database
|
|
|
processed data; it is organized, meaningful and useful.
|
information
|
|
|
Qualities of Valuable Information
|
Accurate Information, verifiable information, timely information, organized information, accessible information, useful information, cost-effective information.
|
|
|
a combination of one or more related characters or bytes and is the smallest unit of data a user accesses.
|
field
|
|
|
uniquely identifies each field
|
field name
|
|
|
defines the maximum number of characters a field can contain
|
field size
|
|
|
specifies the kind of data a field can contain and how the field is used
|
data type
|
|
|
common data types include
|
text, numeric, auto number, currency, date, memo, yes/no, hyperlink, object
|
|
|
a group of related fields
|
record
|
|
|
a field that uniquely identifies each record in a file
|
key field or primary key
|
|
|
a collection of related records stored on a storage medium such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD.
|
data file
|
|
|
refers to procedures that keep data current
|
file maintenance
|
|
|
the process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct
|
validation
|
|
|
each department or area within an organization has its own set of files
|
file processing system
|
|
|
two major weaknesses of file processing systems
|
data redundancy and isolated data
|
|
|
many programs and users share the data in the database
|
database approach
|
|
|
a program that generally has a more user friendly interface than the DBMS.
|
front end
|
|
|
an application that supports a front end program
|
back end
|
|
|
strength of the database approach
|
reduced data redundancy, improved data integrity, shared data, easier access, and reduced development time.
|
|
|
contains data about each file in the database and each field in those files.
|
data dictionary sometimes called repository
|
|
|
a value that the DBMS initially displays in a field
|
default value
|
|
|
a reqest for specific data from the database
|
query
|
|
|
consists of simple english-like statements that allow users to specify the data to display, print or store.
|
query language
|
|
|
a feature of DBMS's that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data.
|
query by example (QBE)
|
|
|
a window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database
|
form sometimes called a data entry form
|
|
|
allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report.
|
report generator, also called a report writer
|
|
|
a listing of activities that change the contents of the database.
|
log
|
|
|
uses the logs and/or backups to restore a database when it becomes damaged or destroyed.
|
recovery utility
|
|
|
a backup plan in which all data is backed up whenever a change is made.
|
continuous backup
|
|
|
consists of rules and standards that define how the database organizes data.
|
data model
|
|
|
a database that stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns.
|
relational database
|
|
|
a query language that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data.
|
structured query language (SQL)
|
|
|
a process designed to ensure the data within the relations (tables) contains the least amount of duplication.
|
normalization
|
|
|
stores data in objects
|
Object oriented database
|
|
|
an item that contains data, as well as the actions that read or process the data.
|
object
|
|
|
examples of applications appropriate for an object oriented database include
|
multimedia database, groupware database, computer aided design, hypertext database and web database.
|
|
|
stores data in dimensions
|
multidimensional database
|
|
|
allow users to access and analyze any view of the database data.
|
hypercube
|
|
|
a huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions.
|
data warehouse
|
|
|
a smaller version of a data warehouse is
|
data mart
|
|
|
a computer that stores and provides access to a database
|
database server
|
|
|
focuses on the meaning and usage of data
|
database analyst DA
|
|
|
requires a more technical inside view of the data
|
database administrator DBA
|
|
|
any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability.
|
computer security risk
|
|
|
any illegal act involving a computer generally is referred to as
|
computer crime
|
|
|
refers to online or internet based illegal acts
|
cybercrime
|
|
|
refers to someone who accesses a computer or network illegally
|
hacker
|
|
|
someone who accesses a computer or network illegally but has the intent of destroying data, stealing information, or other malicious action.
|
cracker
|
|
|
has the same intent as a cracker but does not have the technical skills and knowledge.
|
script kiddie
|
|
|
someone who uses email as a vehicle for extortion.
|
cyberextortionist
|
|
|
someone who uses the internet or network to destroy or damage computers for political reasons
|
cyberterrorist
|
|
|
a web site that evaluates your computer to check for internet and email vulnerabilities
|
online security service
|
|
|
a potentially damaging computer program that affects, or infects, a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the user's knowledge of permission
|
virus
|
|
|
a program that copies itself repeatedly, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer or network.
|
worm
|
|
|
a program that hides within or looks like a legitimate program
|
trojan horse
|
|
|
programs that act without a user's knowledge and deliberately alter the computers operations
|
malware
|
|
|
the destructive event or prank the program is intended to deliver
|
payload
|
|
|
a company or person you believe will not send a viru infected file knowingly
|
trusted source
|
|
|
protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, or storage media, or on incoming files.
|
antivirus program
|
|
|
a known specific pattern of virus code
|
virus signature or virus definition
|
|
|
the antivirus program records information such as the file size and file creation in a separate innoculation file
|
to innoculate
|
|
|
a separate area of a hard disk that holds the infected file until the infection can be removed
|
quarantine
|
|
|
an email msg that warns users of a nonexistent virus, worm, or trojan horse.
|
virus hoax
|
|
|
an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an internet service such as the web or email
|
denail of service attack DoS attack
|
|
|
a computer that is completely unaware it is being used as part of a network that attacks other systems
|
zombie
|
|
|
a program or set of instructions in a program that allows users to bypass security controls when accessing a program, computer, or network.
|
back door
|
|
|
a technique intruders use to make their network or internet transmission appear legitimate to a victim computer or network.
|
spoofing
|
|
|
hardware and/or software that protects a network's resources from intrusion by users on another network such as the internet
|
firewall
|
|
|
a server outside the company's network that controls which communications pass into the company's network
|
proxy server
|
|
|
a utility the detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions.
|
personal firewall
|
|
|
a vulnerable computer that is set up to entice an intruder to break into it
|
honeypot
|
|
|
the use of a compute or network without permission
|
unauthorized access
|
|
|
the use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities.
|
unauthorized use
|
|
|
a security measure that defines who can access a computer, when they can access it, and what actions they can take while accessing the computer.
|
access control
|
|
|
records in a file both successful and unsuccessful attempts.
|
audit trail
|
|
|
a unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet or numbers, that identifies one specific user.
|
user name or user ID
|
|
|
a private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources
|
password
|
|
|
a numeric password, either assigned by a company or selected by a user
|
PIN
|
|
|
authenticate's a person's identity by translating a personal characteristic, such as a fingerprint, into a digital code that then is compared with a digital code stored in the computer verifying a physical or behavioral characteristic.
|
biometric device
|
|
|
the act of stealing computer equipment
|
hardware theft
|
|
|
the act of defacing or destroying computer equipment
|
hardware vandalism
|
|
|
the unauthorized and illegal duplication of copyrighted software
|
piracy
|
|
|
the right to use software
|
license agreement
|
|
|
occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information
|
information theft
|
|
|
a process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access.
|
encryption
|
|
|
to decipher data to make legible
|
decrypt
|
|
|
an encrypted code that a person, web site, or company attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the message center
|
digital signature
|
|
|
a web site that uses encryption techniques to secure its data is known as a
|
secure site
|
|
|
a notice that guarantees a user or a web site is legitimate
|
digital certification
|
|
|
an authorized person or company that issues and verifies digital certificates
|
certificate authority
|
|
|
provides encryption of all data that passes between a client and an internet server
|
Secure Sockets Layer SSL
|
|
|
the prolonged malfunction of a computer
|
system failure
|
|
|
any unwanted signal, usually varying quickly, that is mixed with the normal voltage entering the computer
|
noise
|
|
|
occurs when the electrical supply drops
|
undervoltage
|
|
|
a prolonged undervoltage
|
brownout
|
|
|
a complete power failure
|
blackout
|
|
|
occurs when the incoming electrical power increases significantly above the normal 120 volts.
|
overvoltage or power surge
|
|
|
a momentary overvoltage, occurs when the increase in power lasts for less than one millisecond
|
spike
|
|
|
uses special electrical components to smooth out minor noise, provide a stable current flow, and keep an overvoltage from reaching the computer and other electronic equipment
|
surge protector or surge supressor
|
|
|
a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power.
|
uninterruptible power supply UPS
|
|
|
has duplicate components so it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail
|
fault- tolerant computer
|
|
|
the moral guidelines that govern the use of computers and information systems.
|
computer ethics
|
|
|
refers to unique and original works such as ideas, inventions, art, writings, processes, company and product names, and logos.
|
itellectual property IP
|
|
|
the rights to which creators are entitled for their work
|
intellectual property rights
|
|
|
gives authors and artists exclusive rights to duplicate, publish, and sell their materials.
|
copyright
|
|
|
a written guideline that helps determine whether a specific computer action is ethical or unethical
|
code of conduct
|
|
|
refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them
|
information privacy
|
|
|
a small text file that a web server stores on your computer
|
cookie
|
|
|
a program placed on a computer without the user's knowledge that secretly collects information about the user
|
spyware
|
|
|
a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on web pages, email msgs, or other internet services.
|
adware
|
|
|
an unsolicited email msg or newsgroup posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once
|
spam
|
|
|
a service that blocks email msgs from designated sources
|
email filtering
|
|
|
a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking email msg that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information
|
phishing
|
|
|
a scam similar to phishing where a perpetrator attempts to obtain your personal and financial info except they do so via spoofing
|
pharming
|
|
|
gaining unauthorized access or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others.
|
social engineering
|
|
|
involves the use of computer's to observe, record, and review an employee's use of a computer
|
employee monitoring
|
|
|
a program that restricts access to specified web sites
|
web filtering software
|
|
|
the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks
|
computer forensics
|
|
|
an injury or disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendonds, ligaments and joints.
|
repetitive strain injury (RSI)
|
|
|
an applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace.
|
ergonomics
|
|
|
when the computer consumes someone's entire social life
|
computer addiction
|
|
|
involves reducing the electricity and environmental waste while using a computer
|
green computing
|
|
|
consists of manufacturers and distributors of computers and computer-related hardware such as disk and tape drives, monitors, printers, and communications and networking devices.
|
computer equipment field
|
|
|
consists of companies that develop, manufacture, and support a wide range of software.
|
computer software field
|
|
|
provides preventive maintenance, component installation, and repair services to customers.
|
computer service and repair field
|
|
|
must possess a general understanding of computers and a specific knowledge of the product they are selling.
|
computer salesperson
|
|
|
provides computer services to his or her clients, typically hired based on computer expertise.
|
IT consultant
|
|
|
offers programs primarily in the areas of programming,web design and development, graphics design, hardware maintenance, networking, personal computer support, and security. Also known as technical school, vocational school, or career college.
|
Trade school
|
|
|
ensures that if you transfer to a college or university from a trade school, you will receive credit for most of the courses taken at your current school
|
articulation agreement
|
|
|
also called software engineering, this curriculum focuses on the theory of programming and operating systems.
|
computer science
|
|
|
this curriculum teaches students how to design and develop the electronic components found in computers and peripheral devices.
|
computer engineering
|
|
|
a scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing knowledge and proficiency of information technology.
|
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
|
|
|
a professional association with nearly 9,000 members consisting of programmers, system analysts, and information processing managers.
|
Association of Information Technology Professionals (AITP)
|
|
|
a collection of people with common computer equipment or software interests that meets regularly to share information.
|
user group
|
|
|
the process of verifying the technical knowledge of an individual who has demonstrated competence in a particular area.
|
certification
|
|
|
develop and administer the examinations to determine whether a person is qualified for certification.
|
sponsoring organizations
|
|
|
a server outside the company's network that controls which communications pass into the company's network
|
proxy server
|
|
|
a utility the detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions.
|
personal firewall
|
|
|
a vulnerable computer that is set up to entice an intruder to break into it
|
honeypot
|
|
|
the use of a compute or network without permission
|
unauthorized access
|
|
|
the use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities.
|
unauthorized use
|
|
|
a security measure that defines who can access a computer, when they can access it, and what actions they can take while accessing the computer.
|
access control
|
|
|
records in a file both successful and unsuccessful attempts.
|
audit trail
|
|
|
a unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet or numbers, that identifies one specific user.
|
user name or user ID
|
|
|
a private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources
|
password
|
|
|
a numeric password, either assigned by a company or selected by a user
|
PIN
|
|
|
authenticate's a person's identity by translating a personal characteristic, such as a fingerprint, into a digital code that then is compared with a digital code stored in the computer verifying a physical or behavioral characteristic.
|
biometric device
|
|
|
the act of stealing computer equipment
|
hardware theft
|
|
|
the act of defacing or destroying computer equipment
|
hardware vandalism
|
|
|
the unauthorized and illegal duplication of copyrighted software
|
piracy
|
|
|
the right to use software
|
license agreement
|
