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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you do 1s compliment? |
Reverse the bits |
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How do you twos compliment |
You do one's complement and add one to the right |
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What are the unsigned decimal numbers? |
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1028 |
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What is the advantage of 2s complement over 1s complement in negative number representation in binary number system? |
There is only one value for zero and both unsigned and signed arithmetic operations are done the same way |
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How does boolean simplification help digital circuit costs? |
Simplifying the boolean algebra allows us to use fewer logic gates. As a result, we would save money. better understanding, testing, creation |
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What are the main components of a CPU? |
Control unit, Arithmetic Logic Unit, Decoder, Registers |
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What are the registers in the CPU? |
Instruction Register(IR) Memory Buffer Register(MBR) Memory Address Register(MAR) Program Counter(PC) Accumulator(AC) Multiplication Quotient(MQ) Information Buffer Register(IBR) |
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What are the main functions of computers? |
Information Input Information Output Data Storage Data Processing |
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What does the IR do? |
contains the 8-bit opcode being executed |
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What does the PC do? |
Contains address of the next pair of instructions to be fetched from memory |
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What does the MBR do? |
Stores the information being transferred to and from the immediate access memory |
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What does the AC do? |
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations |
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What does the memory address register do? |
Stores the memory address from which data is either to be retrieved or stored |
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What does the MQ do? |
The multiplier quotient acts as an overflow for the AC |
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What does the IBR do? |
The information buffer register |
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Which computer architecture did the stored program come with and what advantage did it give? |
Von Neumann Machine, allowed you to store data in memory. |
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What does an operating system do? |
Manages interaction between applications, User Interface, hardware and resources |
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How does a user built application or program interact with hardware and other resources? |
OS Application Programming Interface (API) |
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Define non preemptive and preemptive CPU scheduling algorithms. What are the differences? |
Non preemptive scheduling doesn't stop a process and carries it on until it's complete this could be used in priority scheduling. Whereas preemptive scheduling stops a process in order to stop hangs this would be like round robin |
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What is LRU and NRU? |
Last recently used: predicts that pages heavily used in recent operations will likely be used to again. Not recently used : removes a page at random from the lowest category for removal, that is a page that has not been referenced or modified for a while. Pages are re categorised after every clock tick |
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What is an xor gate? |
If inputs are equal then out put is 0 if unequal then 1 |
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What is an xnor gate |
If the inputs are equal then it's 1 if unequal then 0 |
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4 outcomes of binary addition |
0 + 0 = 0 1 + 0 = 1 1 + 1 = 0 + carry of 1 into next position 1 + 1 + 1 = 1 + carry of 1 into next position |
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Outcomes of binary multiplication |
0 x 0 = 0 1 x 1 = 1 |
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Outcomes of binary subtraction |
0 - 0 = 0 1 - 0 = 1 10 - 1 = 1 0 - 1 = bring the number over to make the 0 10 so it ends up as 1 |
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When subtracting binary what is the best way to do it? |
Convert the bottom part into 1 or 2 complement then add them |
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What do you do if you have extra bits on the end of a binary question? |
Add it to the right side |
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How do you work out 2s complement? |
Do 1s complement then add one to the right |
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What do you do with the extra bit in 2s complement |
Just get rid of it |
