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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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profound changes in the core aspects of the therapist as a result of empathetic engagement with the client's trauma story.
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vicarious trauma
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shaping behavior by reinforcing behavior in the direction of the desired behavior.
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Operant Conditioning
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Forms of Reinforcement in Operant Conditioning
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positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment.
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Key qualities of reinforcement in Operant Conditioning
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Immediacy and Consistency of reinforcement is key.
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Criticism vs Complaint
Contempt vs Appreciation Defensiveness vs Responsibility Stonewalling vs Self-Soothing |
Gottman 4 horsemen
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Gottman 6 indicators of divorce
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Harsh Start-Up
4 Horsemen Flooding Failure of Repair Attempts Body Language Bad Memories |
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Emotional Bids - Towards, Away, Against
Love Maps Fondness & Admiration System Emotional Bank Account The Positive Perspective Effective Conflict Resolution Accepting Influence Creating Shared Meaning Rituals of Connection |
Gottman Terms/Techniques
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Content Level
Report Level Command Level Process Level |
Terms of Cybernetics
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Homeostasis - systems endeavor to maintain stability
Positive Feedback - system alters to accommodate novel input Negative Feedback - system changes to maintain a steady state First Order Change - change within the system that itself remains invariant Second Order Change - change in the system itself Role Theory - too few and too many roles are bad, stereotyped roles exist in groups |
Terms of Group Theory & Cybernetics
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Double-Bind
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patterns of communication that are conflictual in that the Content and Command Level messages are contradictory
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Multi-Directed Partiality-client=family
Triadic/Circular questions Table Forward Targeting the Question: Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral or Interaction Systems Linking - using client's words Modulating - reframing to change intensities Types of questions: Presupposition, Balanced, Normalizing, Validating, Summarizing, Contextual change |
Terms of Family Therapy with Complex Families
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Express Empathy
Develop Discrepancy Avoid Argumentation Roll with Resistance Support Self-Efficacy |
Goals of Motivational Interviewing
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Focus on Symbolic Meanings
Increase healthy emotional expression Free people from unresolved emotion Acceptance of individual emotional expression Personal Integrity Liberate Affect and Impulses Promote Communication and Interaction Expand Experiences Not always too focused on the Presenting Problem |
Goals Experiential Family Therapy
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Communication Enhancement - Psychodrama, Roleplay, Directing Coaching on Expression
Physical contact - esp Satire Intuition Humor Facilitating Emotional Expression Softening Family Rules Sculpting and Spatial Metaphor |
Techniques of Experiential Family Therapy
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Emotional Deadness, Cold Affect, Don't Enjoy the Family, Lack of Warmth, Avoidance by Immersion Elsewhere
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Observations in Experiential Family Therapy
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core to cultural competency, rather than breadth of knowledge of cultures:
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the ability to craft respectful, reciprocal and responsive interactions, both verbally and non-verbally, across diverse cultural parameters.
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Joining
Accommodation Tracking Family Mapping Focusing - therapist selection of process area to explore, esp. structural configuration of family Challenging/Reframing/Intensity De-IP-ing Boundary-making Enactment of the problem Reframing Un-balancing |
Techniques for STRUCTURAL Family Therapy
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Effective Hierarchical Structure
Executive Coalition Sibling Subsystem Clear Boundaries Fostering Differentiation of Individuals Spouse Subsystem |
Goals of STRUCTURAL Family Therapy
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Complementarity = unhealthy symbiosis between family members (e.g., pursuer/distancer)
Enmeshment (-) --- Disengagement (-) Diffuse Boundaries (-) -- Rigid Boundaries (-) Permeability Coalition Memesis |
Terms of STRUCTURAL Family Therapy
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Engage each member
Elicit each member's view of the problem Allow family to discuss the problem Bring problem alive into the room Define Goals Assign directives |
Techniques of STRATEGIC Family Therapy
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No Fishing Expeditions - only presenting problem
Misguided Solutions - 3 kinds: Denial, Fixing a non-problem, repairing inappropriately Function of the Symptom Paradoxical Injunctions - 3 Types: Defiance, Compliance, Exposure Homeostasis Positive and Negative Feedback Comfort Zone Communication Report and Command Levels |
Terms of STRATEGIC Family Therapy
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Detriangulation
Nonanxious Presence Genograms Process vs Content - e.g., Reflective, Connective, Reconstructive or Normative Supporting Differentiation Displacement Stories Coaching |
Techniques of SYSTEMS Family Therapy
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Intrapsychic - thought vs feeling
Interpersonal - self vs other Triangles Nuclear Family Emotional Process Family Projection Process Multigenerational Transmission Process Sibling Position - Firstborn, later-born Emotional Cutoff enmeshment/fusion (-) --> differentiation (+) |
Terms of SYSTEMS Family Therapy
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ordered after hearing. good up to 3 years and then renewable up to 3 years or permanently.
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Restraining Order
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5 court/7 calendar days, by law enforcement, can determine temporary custody
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Emergency Protection Order
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3 weeks/until court hearing, must serve other party
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Temporary Restraining Order
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Restraining Order that is registered in all states DV registry, arrest for violation mandatory, gun and ammunition purchase prohibited
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CLETS (vs Non-CLETS) Order
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a pattern of abusive behaviors in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner
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Domestic Violence
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repeated, unwanted involvement, explicit or implicit threats, reasonable experience of fear and intention to instill fear
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Stalking - types: Intimacy Seeker, Incompetent Suitor, Resentful Stalker, Predatory Stalker
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When DO you Report if child = < 14?
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partner also < 14 and disparity in chronical age or maturation, or indications of intimidation, coercion or bribery, or indications of exploitative relationship
partner is > or = 14 lewd and lascivious acts |
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When DO you Report if Child = 14 or 15
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*partner is < 14
*unlawful intercourse with partner > 21 *unlawful intercourse with partner btw >14 and < 21 & there are indications of abuse or of exploitative relationship *lewd and lascivious acts by partner > 10 yrs older |
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When DO you Report if Child = 16 or 17
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partner is < 14
unlawful intercourse with partner btw >14 & < 21 there are indications of abuse or of exploitative relationship |
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Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Development
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Confusion>Comparison> Tolerance> Acceptance> Pride> Synthesis
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Coleman's Model of Homosexual Identity Development
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Precoming out>Coming out>Exploration>First Relationships>Integration
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D'Augell's Model of Homesexual Identity Development
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Exiting>Personal status>Social Identity>Becoming offspring>Intimacy Status>Entering Community
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Riddle's Homophobia Scale
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Repulsion> Pity> Tolerance> Acceptance> Support> Admiration> Appreciation> Nurturance
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Downing & Roush's Feminist Identity Development
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Passive Acceptance> Revelation >Embeddedness-Emanation> Synthesis> Active Commitment
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Kim's Asian American Identity Development
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Ethnic Awareness>White Identification> Awakening to Socio-Political Consciousness> Redirection> Incorporation
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Helm's White Identity Development
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Contact> Disintegration> Reintegration> Pseudo-Independence> Immersion/Emersion> Autonomy
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Cross's Black Identity Development
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Pre-Encounter> Encounter> Immersion/Emersion> Internalization> Internalization-Commitment
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Bicultural Identity Development
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Personal Identity> Choice of Group Categorization> Emmeshment/Denial> Appreciation> Integration
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Bicultural Identity Development
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Personal Identity> Choice of Group Categorization> Emmeshment/Denial> Appreciation> Integration
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Marcia's Adolescent Identity Development
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Diffusion> Foreclosure> Moratorium> Achievement
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Allport and DiMonteflores's Strategies for Coping with Oppression
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Assimilation
Ghettoization Specialization (+/-) Confrontation |
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McGoldrick & Carter's Family Life Cycle
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Single Young Adulthood
Forming Partnerships Families with Young Children Families with Adolescents Families with Adult Children Families with Adult Children and Grandchildren |
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Loden's 1st Level Dimensions of Diversity
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Age
Race Ethnicity Sexual Orientation Gender Mental/Physical Ability |
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Stages of Consciousness of Target/Non-Target Membership
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Naive/Unaware
Acceptance/Complacence Resistance/Anger Redefinition Internalization |
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Bennet's Model of Development of Cultural Competence
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Denial
Defense Minimization Acceptance Adaptation Integration |
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John Locke (1690) idea that children are neutral and molded by society
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Tabula Rasa/Mechanistic/Nurture
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1762) view that children are born good with innate capacities society clear the path
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Organismic/Nature
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Mahler's Separation Individuation Stages
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Hatching 5-9mos
Practicing 9-16mos Rapprochment 15mos and up |
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Piaget's Main Concepts
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Assimilation
Accommodation |
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Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
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Sensory Motor
Pre-Operational Concrete Operational Formal Operational |
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Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development
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Pre Conventional - Obedience/Punishment & Self-Interest
Conventional- Conformity & Authority Post-Conventional - Social Contract & Universal Ethical Principles |
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Premak Principle
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Any high-frequency activity can be used as a reinforcer for any low-frequency activity
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Gender Orientation Dimensions
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Self Experience
Disclosed Experience Perceived Experience Prescribed Experience |
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Competency Based Assessment Model
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Assess for
Biological Factors Psychological Factors Social Factors AND Competencies |
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Suicide Evaluation Points
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Suicidal Thinking
Suicidal Intent Suicidal Plans Future Orientation Mental Status |
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Suicide Personal & Demographic Risk Factors
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Major Psychiatric Disorder
History of Attempts Age (particularly Older Adults) Gender Never Married Live Alone Recent Loss Unemployment Certain Professions Chronic Pain/Disease/Terminal Illness Recent Surgery Family History Access to Means |
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Active Listening Skills
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Minimal Encouragers
Mirroring Paraphrasing Summarizing Silence Questioning - Open-Ended |
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Culture ADDRESSING Acronym
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Age, Developmental, Disability, Religion, Ethnic, Socioeconomic, Sexual orientation, Indigenous heritage, National origin, Gender
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Terms of Foulkes Group Theory
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MI from Problems with Interpersonal Relationships
Group as a whole Matrix = Group/Mother Hall of mirrors Resonance Group Defense Therapist = Rim of Wheel |
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Techniques of Foulkes Group Therapy
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Describe what you see
Notice patterns Notice themes Make Interpretations |
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Terms of Agazarian Systems-Centered Group Therapy
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Patterns over content
Attachment theory |
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Techniques of Agazarian Systems-Centered Group Therapy
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Sub-grouping
Explore, Don't Question Noise Here & Now |
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Stages of Change
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Pre-Contemplation
Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Relapse |
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Principles of Integrated Treatment of Substance ACDC
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Concurrence
Comprehensiveness Long-Term Perspective Assertive Therapist Harm Reduction Motivational Interviewing |
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In Motivational Interviewing/Motivational Enhancement Therapy, Resistance = ?
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Mismatch between Intervention and Clients stage of change or Therapist and Client's Targets
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Techniques of Motivational Interviewing/Motivational Enhancement Therapy
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Functional Analysis
Payoff Matrix Functional Assessment Double-Sided Reflections Eliciting Change Talk Non-Confrontational |
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ACDC HALT Intervention/Skill
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Focus on hungry, angry, lonely, tired. "baby your brain right now” “We took away the superhighway to bliss. We are going to rebuild the roads to happiness”
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Predictors increasing likelihood of behavior change
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Internal perception of need
Sense of self-efficacy Stated intention to change |
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Terms of SOLUTION FOCUSED Therapy
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Exception questions
Scaling questions Formula tasks Miracle question Normalizing |
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Terms of COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL Therapy
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Linear causality, Conditioning, Schema, Reinforcement, Shaping, Cognitive Distortions, Modeling, Automatic Thoughts, Thought Stopping, Stress Inoculation, Contingency Contracting, Cognitive Restructuring
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Terms of GESTALT Therapy
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Directed Awareness, No Questions, Assuming Responsibility, Enactment, Empty Chair, Reversal, Rehearsal, Exaggeration, Dreamwork
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Terms of ROGERIAN/CLIENT-CENTERED Therapy
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Unconditional Positive Regard
Accurate Empathy Understanding Congruence/Genuineness |
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Murray Bowen is known for ?
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Extended Family SYSTEMS/Multigenerational Family Therapy
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Terms of NARRATIVE Therapy
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Life Stories, Externalizing, Who's in Charge?, Reading btw lines, reauthoring, reinforcing new story, mapping influences, unique outcomes, deconstruction of old story
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Terms of Yalom group therapy
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Here & Now, Cohesion, Task Leader, Emotional Leader, Scapegoat, Defiant Leader, Installation of Hope, Universality, Imparting Info, Altruism, Corrective Experience, Socializing Skills, Imitative Behavior, Catharsis, Existential, Interpersonal Learning
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Etic vs Emic
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Etic = emphasis on constructs developed in one culture applying to all others
Emic = Emphasis on culture-specific constructs |
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3 basic areas of multicultural competence
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Awareness
Skills Knowledge |
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Recovery/Resilience
Community Integration Quality of Life |
Goals of PsychoSocial Rehabilitation (PSR)
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Define Client Plan in PSR therapy
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A document, co-created by client and therapist, outlining steps needed to achieve a particular goal or outcome
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Elements of PSR Client Plan
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Goal
Objectives Interventions Duration of Interventions Signatures |
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SMART goal =
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Simple
Measurable Attainable Realistic Time-framed |
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Recovery vs Medical Model
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Managing symptoms vs none
Meaningful activity vs work Quality of life vs high functioning Self-sufficient vs stability Lowest dosage vs med compliance Collaboration vs Coercion Hope vs Motivation |
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Motivational Interviewing Opening Strategies
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Open ended questions
Affirmations Reflection Summary Eliciting Self-Motivational Statements |
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Principles of PychoSocial Rehabilitation (PSR)
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Accessible, Coordinated & Individualized Services
Focus on Outcomes, Wellness, Strengths, Skills, Vocation/Education Cultural Sensitivity Environment modification Maximum involvement of client, community, family, peers |
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Maslowe Hierarchy of Needs
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Physiological
Safety Love Esteem Self-Actualization |
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PCIT Skils
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Attachment Based/Child Directed
Positive Discipline/Parent Directed |
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PCIT Attachment Based Skills/Child Directied
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PRIDE = Praise, Reflection, Imitation, Description, Enthusiasm
Don't Ignore Stop |
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PCIT Positive Discipline/Parent Directed Skills
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Limit-Setting
Consistency Problem Solving Reasoning Direct Communication Effective use of time-outs Therapeutic holds Strategies to improve compliance |
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Narrative Therapy
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Elicit & Deconstruct Current Story
Name & Externalize Problem Examine Influence of Problem Examine Influence of Client Develop Preferred/Alternative Story |
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Narrative Therapy Techniques
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Deconstruct ideas that maintain problem
Look for Unique Outcomes Landscape of Action Questions (thicken the story) Landscape of Identity Questions (Unique Outcomes) Re-membering Conversations |
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Narrative Therapy Techniques Continued
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Documentation
Therapeutic Letters Rituals Celebrations Definitional Ceremonies Reflecting Teams |
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Survival Stances in Experiential Family Therapy
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Congruent, Placator, Blamer, Super-Reasonable, Irrelevant
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Battle Metaphors in Experiential Family Therapy
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Therapist must win battle for Structure of therapy.
Client must win battle for Initiative (Therapist should never work harder than client) |
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Satir's Six Stages of Change
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Status Quo
Intro of Foreign Element Chaos Integration of New Possibilities Practice New Status Quo |
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Family Roles in Experiential Family Therapy
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Martyr
Victim/Helpless One Rescuer Good or Bad Child Good or Bad Parent |
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Six Levels of Experience in Experiential Family Therapy
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External Behavioral Manifestations
Defenses & Survival Stances Present Feelings based on Past Perceptions Expectations Yearnings |
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2 Key Concepts of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy
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Softening Emotions
Primary & Secondary Emotions - Primary is underlying and stems from attachment fears. Secondary is what is seen. |
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ABC Theory in Behavioral Therapy
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Activating Event
Belief about Meaning Consequence (Emotional & Behavioral) |
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Assumptions of Strength-Based Theory
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Change is Inevitable
Clients have Strengths to Resolve Problems Clients are Not Yet able to Tap Into the Strengths (rather than victims) |
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Mental Status Exam Measures
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Appearance
Attitude Behavior Mood Affect Speech Thought Process Thought Content Perception Cognition Insight Judgement |
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P.LI.SS.IT. Approach in Sex Therapy
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Permission
Limited Information Specific Suggestions Intensive Therapy |
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Reactive Attachment Disorder
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rare, severe disorder that can affect children, esp if exposed to DV &/or abuse, characterized by markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate ways of relating socially in most contexts.
Types: persistent failure to initiate or respond to most social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way—"inhibited" form—or indiscriminate sociability, such as excessive familiarity with relative strangers—"disinhibited form". |
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Traumatic Bonding
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final stage of abuse cycle where victim where the victim breaks her own moral principles under pressure from the abuser.
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Abuse Cycle
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Abuse
Guilt Excuses "Normal" Behavior Fantasy & Planning Set-Up |
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Manipulative Tactics of Abusers
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Dominance
Humiliation Isolation Threats Intimidation Denial & Blame Guilt & Coercion |
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What is the 3 Question Technique from Socratic Method
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What is the evidence of the belief?
How else can you interpret the situation? If the interpretation is true, what are the implications? |
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Reality (aka Choice) Therapy Car Metaphor
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Motor is our basic needs.
Thinking, Acting (front), Feeling and Physiology (back) are the 4 wheels of the car. The first two are under our personal control more so than the last two. |
