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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Patient Centered Care |
- The patient initiates care - they feel bad, notice something is not right, want a yearly physical - Like evidence-based medicine (EBM), PCC is focused on the individual patient. They go hand-in-hand ==> No PCC = No EBM - Need to establish goals with the patient, not for the patient - Goal: develop a relationship that is open
The previous approach was: “medication centered” care, where we knew what was wrong with the patient and knew which drug fixed that problem Now: “patient centered” care, where we look at each patient individually (evidence-based medicine or EBM) -Need to establish goals with patient (see what’s important to the patient – feel better faster, take medication longer, etc.), instead of for the patient --Talk to individual patients and find out what’s important to them (be outside, etc.)
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Why is PCC Important? |
- Patients have questions but are afraid to ask them - Patients do not understand the goals of therapy or the impact of medications on these goals - Patients at times are the only ones who know if treatment is working - Patients will make their own decisions about their care
Key to PCC: communication -Patients may be afraid: embarrassed, thinks physician or pharmacists are too busy -Patients do not understand: pts may not always be paying attention (busy, overwhelmed), but we have goals for pts to get better – so pts NEED to fully understand what’s going on with their therapy -Patients are only ones to know if treatment is working: tests are available for some disease states, but not all states (Which states can we NOT monitor with tests?) -Patients will make their own decisions: OTC products (they make their own healthcare decisions), sometimes pts don’t fill their prescriptions or even take their prescriptions after they're filled --Getting patients to understand their treatment options and their medications is key |
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Patients and Their Medications |
- Approximately 62% of patients and caregivers are not aware of any safety warnings about their medicines. ==> Only 38% of patients and caregivers report being aware of safety warnings, and of those who report being aware of a warning, the majority (75%) do not recall which medicine it is for or what the warning is about. - 10% of patients unaware of the possibility of a severe reaction or side effect to any of the medicines they are taking experience a serious drug reaction. - While 85% of healthcare providers report that their patients adhere to their treatment plans, only 56% of patients report high to very high adherence
Physicians,pharmacists and other HCPs think their patients are doing well with their medications, but patients really aren’t following the HCPs recommendations: so there’s a clear disconnection between what the HCPs think is going on, and what is actually going on (this is due because patients make their own decisions about their healthcare) - Open line of communication is KEY!
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Effective Communications Process |
An effective communications process can optimize the chances that patients will make informed decisions, use medications appropriately, and ultimately meet therapeutic goals
Most of the time, patients don’t know why they're taking medications. So we want them to know their medical conditions, use their medications correctly, and get better. And we need to have an open communication relationship with them in order to ensure that this occurs.
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Primary Functions of Communication |
- Establishes the ongoing relationship between you and your patients - Provides the exchange of information necessary to assess your patients' health conditions, reach decisions on treatment plans, implement the plans and evaluate the effects of treatment on your patient's quality of life |
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Interpersonal Communication Model |
- Two Individuals that are identified by the boxes, and there's S (sender) and R (receiver) in each one. Two arrows going from one person to another, and arrows within boxes. The message/feedback loop is the message that is going on between two individuals. (ex. Patient and pharmacist,physician and pharmacist, etc). - Communication is a loop, it goes around and around. --- Message => response => response -We are sender and receiver at the same time. - You send and receive back at the same time (non-verbal communication) (emotions:stunned, amazed) (or when someone is on their phone: they’re really not listening)-Interpretation or understanding of message may be different than intended True:You CAN be a sender and a receiver at the same time |
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5 Steps of the Communication Process |
- The Sender Has an Idea to Communicate. - The Sender Encodes the Idea in a Message.(text, spoken, email, etc.) - The Message Travels over a Channel. - The Receiver Decodes the Message. (read,receive, etc. and interprets) - The Receiver Understands the Message and Sends Feedback to the Sender.
-Continuous loop(noise: barrier – we can mishear a word, or typos.. Things that impact the message that is received and message may not be the one intended) |
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Meaning of the Message |
- Is the message sent always the message received? - What factors impact whether a message is received properly? - Feedback is key
- Message may contain "noise", or "barriers" (messages may be interpreted differently than the sender intended) - The tone the message is sent, the mood of receiver, comfort level between the sender and receiver, language barriers, accents and dialects, hearing issues (old people) - Feedback:ask receiver “what did I say” to see if they understood what was said
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Case Study |
•A patient returns to your pharmacy complaining of side effects apparently caused by his new medication. The patient’s records indicate he was given 30 nitroglycerin patches 1 month ago. Both the original pharmacist and the physician told him to “apply one daily,” which is a typical dose for this type of patient. You ask him, “What seems to be the problem?” He states, “I don’t feel too good and I am running out of room” and then opens his shirt to reveal 27 nitroglycerin patches firmly adhered to his chest!
Is the message received the same message that was sent out to pt? In this case, NO! - For 27 days, he did as he was told (nobody told him to take one patch off before putting another one on) |
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Mixed Messages |
- Publix and free meds - Take once daily - "This medication should be taken with plenty of fluid" - "Take one-half teaspoonful three times a day for infection until all gone" Important to get feedback from pts! So they're involved in their own healthcare decisions - Publix & free antibiotics: pts came in to get them even without prescription because of advertisement - Once: 11 in spanish - Plenty of fluid: open to interpretation (could be glassful, or couple sips) - Until all gone: open to interpretation (could be until all med is gone, or all symptoms are gone) So we need to explain directions clearly to patients, and make sure they understand |
