Communication Disorders

Front 1

addition error

Back 1

adding a sound to the target phoneme or word
ex. bolu instead of blue

Front 2

affricate

Back 2

consonant that begins with a plosive phoneme and ends with a fricative
ex. ch

Front 3

agraphia

Back 3

acquired impairment of writing caused by brain damage

Front 4

alexia

Back 4

acquired impairment of reading caused by brain damage

Front 5

agraphia

Back 5

impairment of writing

Front 6

anomia

Back 6

inability to name objects or retrieve desired words

Front 7

aphasia

Back 7

acquired impairment of language due to damage to the language-dominant hemisphere, typically the left

Front 8

ataxia

Back 8

a motor disorder characterized by marked loss of coordination, often associated with cerebellar disease

Front 9

Broca's aphasia

Back 9

nonfluent aphasia with relatively preserved auditory comprehension, associated with damage to the inferior portions of the frontal lobe

Front 10

circumlocution

Back 10

talking with an excess number of words; or talking around the topic rather than being direct because of a failure to retrieve desired words, as in anomia

Front 11

cluttering

Back 11

a disorder of fluency characterized by rapid speech, breaks in fluency, and faulty articulation

Front 12

cochlea

Back 12

snail-shaped part of the inner ear containing the sensory organs of hearing

Front 13

conduction aphasia

Back 13

a fluent aphasia characterized by relatively good auditory comprehension and poor verbal repetition

Front 14

conductive hearing loss

Back 14

related to obstruction or disease in the outer or middle ear in which sound transmission fails to reach the cochlea in the inner ear

Front 15

dementia

Back 15

behavioral syndrome of generalized intellectual deficit that results from a number of diseases

Front 16

diagnosogenic theory of stuttering

Back 16

stuttering begins when normal disfluencies are labeled as stuttering

Front 17

diaphragm

Back 17

partition that separates the thorax from the abdomen, serving as the primary muscle of respiration

Front 18

diphthong

Back 18

blending together of two vowels in the same syllable

Front 19

distortion error

Back 19

the production of a target phoneme utilizing a sound that is not in the language, such as in a lateral lisp

Front 20

dysarthria

Back 20

impairment of motor control for speech caused by weakness, paralysis, slowness, incoordination, or sensory loss in the muscle groups responsible for speech

Front 21

dysphagia

Back 21

an impairment of the ability to swallow

Front 22

fluent aphasia

Back 22

characterized by spoken output of relatively normal utterance length, ease of production, and prosodic variation

Front 23

form

Back 23

the phonological, syntactic, and morphological elements of language

Front 24

fricative

Back 24

a speech sound produced by the airstream passing between or through a constricted opening
ex. /f/ or /v/

Front 25

frontal lobe

Back 25

anterior part of each cerebral hemisphere, from the Rolandic fissure forward
attention, impulse control, judgment

Front 26

global aphasia

Back 26

nonfluent aphasia characterized by marked impairment of verbal expression and auditory comprehension, typically caused by large lesions to the perisylvian region of the left hemisphere

Front 27

hearing disability

Back 27

the restrictions in daily activities that result from a hearing impairment

Front 28

hearing impairment or hearing loss

Back 28

any loss or abnormality of structure or function of the auditory system

Front 29

incus

Back 29

anvil shaped bone found in the middle ear

Front 30

jargon aphasia

Back 30

acquired impairment of language characterized by unexpected syllable or word repititions

Front 31

malleus

Back 31

hammer shaped bone attaced to the tympanic membrane within the middle ear

Front 32

misarticulations

Back 32

speech-articulation errors of omission, addition, substitution, or distortion

Front 33

mixed hearing loss

Back 33

hearing loss caused by both conductive and sensorineural problems

Front 34

morpheme

Back 34

words or the smallest unit of a word that has meaning

Front 35

morphology

Back 35

study of words and word forms; the study of morphemes

Front 36

nonfluent aphasia

Back 36

characterized by effortful speech production, reduced grammatical complexity, and short utterance length

Front 37

norm-referenced test

Back 37

test designed to allow comparisons between an individual's performance and a group of individuals of similar age

Front 38

occipital lobe

Back 38

posterior part of each cerebral hemisphere
visual info

Front 39

omission error

Back 39

one of the four types of articulatory errors, in which the sound is totally omitted

Front 40

organ of Corti

Back 40

area within the cochlea containing the tectorial membrane and hair cells

Front 41

otitis media

Back 41

inflammation of the middle ear

Front 42

paraphasia

Back 42

an erroneous word or a nonword that reflects disorders of word choice
ex. man for woman or tike for bike

Front 43

parietal lobe

Back 43

one of the four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere, extending posteriorly from the Rolandic fissure to the occipital lobe
primary censory cortex

Front 44

phonology

Back 44

study of the sounds of spoken language, including the rules of phoneme use, phonemes, phonetic production, and voicing characteristics of prosody and suprasegmentals

Front 45

pinna

Back 45

visible outer ear.
aka. auricle

Front 46

plosive

Back 46

speech sound produced by impounding air behind an articulator and suddenly releasing it

Front 47

presbycusis

Back 47

hearing impairment associated with the aging process

Front 48

progressive aphasia

Back 48

acquired impairment of language that follows a slowly progressive, rather than abrupt, onset and is not associated with dementia

Front 49

prosody

Back 49

the melody, flow, and rhythm of a spoken language; melodic changes in syllable stress, pitch, loudness, and duration

Front 50

screening

Back 50

detection of individuals at risk for a condition

Front 51

semantics

Back 51

study of the history and meaning of words

Front 52

sensorineural hearing loss

Back 52

caused by disease of the inner ear or eighth cranial nerve

Front 53

stapes

Back 53

stirrup shaped bone within the middle ear that attaches to the round window of the inner ear

Front 54

substitution error

Back 54

characterized by an incorrect phoneme used in place of a target phoneme
ex. /w/ for /r/

Front 55

syntax

Back 55

grammatical structure and word order of a language

Front 56

temporal lobe

Back 56

one of the four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere, lying below the Sylvian Fissure
language comprehension and memory

Front 57

tympanic membrane

Back 57

round membrane between the ear canal and middle ear, also known as the eardrum

Front 58

use

Back 58

rules for communicative interactions, including the social-interactive aspects of language, sometimes called pragmatics

Front 59

Wernicke's aphasia

Back 59

fluent aphasia characterized by poor auditory comprehension and paraphasic utterances