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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Behavioral Scientist |
a scholar who applies the scientific method to describe, predict, and explain recurring forms of human behavior. |
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Rhetorician |
A scholar who studies the ways in which symbolic forms can be used to identify with people, or to persuade them toward a certain point of view. |
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Objective Approach |
the assumption that truth is singular and is accessible through unbiased sensory observation; committed to uncovering cause and effect relationships. EXPLAIN AND PREDICT |
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Source credibility |
perceived competence and trustworthiness of a speaker or writer that affects how the message is received. |
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Identification |
A perceived role relationship that affects self image and attitudes; based on attractiveness of the role model and sustained if the relationship remains salient. Herbert Kelman's theory of opinion change. (we embrace highly attractive figures) |
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Interpretive Approach |
The linguistic work of assigning meaning or value to communicative texts; assumes that multiple meanings or truths are possible. |
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humanistic scholarship |
study of what its like to be another person in a specific time and place. assumes there are few important panhuman similarities. |
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epistemology |
the study of the origin, nature, method, and limits of knowledge. What is truth? How do we know what we know? |
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Scientists: Ways of Knowing |
Truth is singular. Bias-free. Good theories are those that are mirrors of nature. Once a princicple is discovered, it will hold true. Glenn believes the credibility of a message source can explain why other media messages fail or succeed. |
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Interpretive Scholars: Ways of Knowing |
Seek truth, but regard truth as socially constructed through communication. They believe language creates social realities that are in flux rather than revealing or representing fixed principles or relationships in a world that doesn't change. Knowledge is viewed from a standpoint. Marty thinks objectivity is a myth; cannot separate known from unknown. |
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Determinism or Free will? |
Determinists: every move we make is a result of heredity and environment. Free-will purists insist that every human act is ultimately voluntary. Scientists stress the forces that shape human behavior. Interpretivists focus on conscious choices made my individuals. |
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Behavioral Scientists: Determinism |
Usually describe human contact as occuring because of forces outside awareness. Their causal explanations dont include mental reasoning or conscious choice. |
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Interpretive Scholars: Free-will |
use explanatory phrases like "in order to" because they attribute a person's action to conscious intent. People are free agents who could decide to respond differently under a set of cirucumstances. Doesn't ask WHY. |
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Why don't scientists like free will? |
Bc as individual freedom goes up, predictability goes down. |
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Glenn the objectivist |
gets all pissy when theorists offer no empirical evidence for their claims |
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Marty the interpretivist |
isnt afraid to bring his values into the equation. Knowledge is never neutral. |
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Every comm theory has two priorities: |
Effectiveness: successfully communicating info, ideas, and meanining. and persuasion. Paricipation: increasing the possibility that all points of views will affect collective decisions and individuals being open to new ideas. Objectivists like effectiveness. |
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Emancipation: |
liberation from any form of political, economic, racial, or religious oppression |
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Sender: selective self presentation
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People who meet online have the opportunity to make and sustain an overwhelmingly positive impression
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Certainty and uncertainty
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We want suredness and predictability yet we also want novelty, mystery, and spontaneity.
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Openness and closedness
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Not a linear path to intimacy. Sometimes we need for the other person to know everything.
All feelings and facts need to be shared. |
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Inclusion and seclusion
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Need seclusion to bond. Need outside exposure for stimulation and support
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Conventionality and uniqueness
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Excessive uniqueness makes others uncomfortable.
But intimacy requires that relational partners feel different And different from the rest of the world. |
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Revelation and concealment
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Going public about one issue or another provides opportunities for support but you may lose privacy
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+ Add a hint
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Receiver:over attribution of similarity
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Attribution: a perceptual process where we observe people's actions and try to figure out what they're really like.
We are likely to overatrribute the info given to us and create an idealized image of the sender. Side:social identity deindividualization- common interest, develop exaggerated sense of similarity "being in the same place online makes the person seem more similar" "We may think that we have more in common than we really do" |
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Channel:communicating on your own time
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Asynchronous: used nonsimulataneously (not at the same time)
Ability to plan and edit and contemplate more in face to face. |
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Feedback: Self fulfilling prophecy
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The tendency for a persons expectation of others to evoke a response from them that confirms what was anticipated. If people first form highly positive impressions.
Triggered when the hyper positive image is intentionally or inadvertently fed back to the other Creates a CMC equivalent of the looking glass self |
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Warranting value
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The reason to believe that information is accurate typically because the target of the information cannot manipulate it.
Low warrant: info easily edited. Sender hAs a lot of control(age gender hometown) High warrant: information that is less easily changed and more trustworthy (what other people post to your facebook) |
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Critique of SIP
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Not testable- hyper personal perspective lacks theoretical basis
Does not allow for difference in the drive for affiliation. People who are looking for affiliation might try to see people in a more positive light. Values of society affects the warranting principle. Theory is underdeveloped. |
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Relational Dialetics
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It's about relationship maintenance rather than development. Forming a bond is a lot easier than sustaining it.
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Push me pull you dialectics
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Contradiction: central concept of relationship dialectics that refers to dynamic interplay between unified oppositions.
Every personal relationship faces the tension of being drawn between intimacy and independence. Unit of analysis is the relationship and the pair of people. Relationships need multiple things at the same time and sometimes those things are opposing. |
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3 dialectics within relationships
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Connectedness and separateness, certainty and uncertainty, openness and closeness
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Connectedness and seperateness
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Individual autonomy must be sacrificed.
But too much connection results in identity loss |
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