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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a state? nation? nation-state? |
(State) Political community in a specific territory operating independently of other government. (Nation) Group of people united by bonds of race, language, custom, tradition of religion. Example: Kurds in Iran, Basque in Spain. (Nation-State) When territories of the nation and state are the same. Example: Japan, France, Egypt, Hungary |
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What are the purposes of a government? |
*Maintain social order. *Provide ways of resolving conflicts in society that would otherwise potentially cause disarray. *Provide public services (things that make societal life possible and promote general welfare). *Provide national security (protect people from attacks by other states or threats of terrorism). *Making economic decisions (use power to pass laws and shape the economic government of a state). |
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What is the relationship among people and government? |
*Government must be based on the consent of the people. *People must be willing to give up certain freedoms in order for government to provide them certain protections. |
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What are the similarities and differences between a unitary, con-federal, and federal system? |
*Unitary System- Power is in the hands of the national government. State and local governments are dependent on its will. *Con-federal System- A loose union of independent states. National government can only do what the states permits it to do. *Federal System- Power of government is shared between the national and state governments. Certain matters in which the national government is supreme and others in which the states are supreme. |
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What are the different types of dictators? |
*Totalitarian Dictatorship- Ideas of the leader are glorified and all aspects of the country’s functions are controlled through him. (Example: Hitler) *Absolute Monarchy- King, queen, or emperor has the supreme power to rule their people. It is often hereditary. *Military Dictatorship- Forms when a leader uses the military to enforce their rule.Most likely to lead to an erosion of civil liberties. |
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What is a indirect democracy? |
*Decisions in government are made by leaders who have acquired power by competing for the people’s vote. *Voters ultimately serve as the source of the government’s authority. |
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What is a direct democracy? |
*When most or all citizens participate directly in making policy and govern themselves. *Can only exist in small societies. |
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What is the different separation between the Executive and Legislative branch? |
*Parliamentary Government- Executive and legislature both coexist in the elected assembly. (Parliament) In this form of government there is no separation of powers. *Presidential Government- Legislature and executive powers are separated.Elected officials are voted in by citizens in the legislature and for the executive office. |
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What is some important British documents? |
Magna Carta (1215): Issues between King John of England and his barons over his absolute. Abuse of feudal law.King John is faced with an unbeatable force. Peace treaty is signed between him and his barons, so he must now abide by the laws. It is significant because for the first time it established the writing principle of limited government. Most importantly, a precedent of Magna Carta used to gain more political liberties/support constitutional government. |
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What is the glorious revolution? |
Oath sworn by the monarchs to govern England according to how Parliament saw fit (no more unchecked rule). English Bill of Rights was passed by Parliament.Represented the end of the concept of divine right of kings.Said, in writing, what rulers could or could not do. |
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What is the importance of Hobbes and Lockean Ideology? |
Thomas Hobbes: He said:“Without government life would be “nasty,brutish, and short…” His ideas supported government under a single sovereign authority. (Monarchy) John Locke: Claimed people were naturally endowed with “the right to life, liberty, and property”If government fails to preserve the rights of the people, then we as people can break the “social contract” |
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What are some established governmental practices by American colonies? |
American Colonial Government: Written constitutions, which guarantees the basic liberties and limited power of government were established. Legislatures: Representative assemblies were firmly established in the colonies. Representative government was an established tradition by 1776. Separation of Powers: Separation of powers in colonial charters divided the power of colony’s governments. |
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What is the reason for Revolutionary War? |
Britain tightens control. King George III levies taxes on colonies to help pay for the war (French and Indian War). Stamp Act of 1765 *Imposed first direct tax on the colonists. Britain passed the Intolerable Acts *Meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance. Americans now beginning to feel more united in their hostility towards Britain. |
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What is the colonists' initial response to the British government's oppression? |
Initially, only protesting/petitioning King George’s actionsNo majority desire to seek independence early on, just want to curb abuses. |
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What is the Stamp Act Congress? |
Weaknesses Only 9 of the 13 colonies show up. Initial division among moderates and radicals. Strengths Repeal of Stamp Act due to colonists’ individual boycotts. Colonies come together to discuss a solution for all colonies. First example of unity in action among the colonies and their respective delegates. |
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What about the first Continental Congress? |
Strengths Mutually agreed upon imposing an embargo (prohibiting trade) on Britain. Also agreed not to use goods. Weaknesses Britain fails to acknowledge the legitimacy of the Congress.Fails to prevent armed conflict. |
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What about the second Continental Congress? |
Strengths Congress is able to assume the powers of a central government.Able to organize support for colonies in the war. Weaknesses Still has no constitutional authority. Little power over the other colonies. |
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What is the State Constitution? |
Recognition of people as the sole source of authority in government.Bill of rights defining personal liberties of citizens |
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What is the purpose of the Constitutional Convention? |
The purpose was to propose revisions to the Articles of confederation to make it more effective. In reality, realized the Articles failed to provide the national government with the necessary power to solve the country’s problems. Ended up creating a whole new constitution to replace the Articles for this reason. |
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What is exactly the ratification of Federalists and Anti-Federalists? |
Federalists Supporters of the Constitution. Believed in strong national government. Anti-Federalists Concerned about lack of state rights. Wanted a Bill of Rights included to guarantee people’s freedoms. Progress Towards Ratification: Federalist promised to add a Bill of Rights to gain necessary support.Turned the tide for the Constitution. |
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What are the categories that define a state? |
A permanent population. An established territory (borders). Government *Functionality of a state *System of Order *Enforce decisions or laws Ability to enter into relation with other states (sending diplomats) |
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What is the properties of sovereignty? |
A state's supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries. |
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of Articles of Confederation? |
Strengths of the Articles of Confederation: Articles gave Congress power to deal with the country’s affairs.Solve disputes among states. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation: Creation of a weak national government. Sovereign state governments possessed all the power. Numerous Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation: No Power to Collect Taxes. No Power to Regulate Trade. Inability to Enforce Laws. Passing Laws and Amendments was Nearly Impossible. No Executive Branch. No National Court System. |
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Colonial Goverment |
Colonial Government |
