Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Working Memory (short-term)
|
the brief, immediate memory for material that you are currently processing; a portion of working memory also actively coordinates your ongoing mental activities.
|
|
|
George Miller
|
Proposed that our working memory could hold seven +/- 2 things of information.
Also purposed we remember in Chunks. |
|
|
Chunking
|
The way we remember series of data.
EX. 7046051035 is easier to remember 704-605-1035 |
|
|
How much can we hold in our working memory?
Who came up with this? |
7 +/- 2 things of information
purposed by Miller |
|
|
Brown/Peterson & Peterson
|
Demonstrated that info. held in memory for less than a minute is frequently forgotten.
Experiment: list three words and then present you with a number and count backwards. then remember the list. |
|
|
Serial Position Effect
|
The u-shaped relationship between a word's position in a list and its probability to recall it.
|
|
|
Recency Effect
|
better recall for items at the end of a list
|
|
|
Primacy Effect
|
better recall for items at the beginning of the list
|
|
|
Atkinson and Shiffrin
|
purposed that working memory is fragile and could be forgotten in 30 seconds if not repeated or usa a control process to help remember it.
|
|
|
How does pronunciation effect memory?
|
It's easier to remember words in english than spanish because of number of syllables in the words.
|
|
|
Semantics
|
the meaning of the word can affect memory, with this the concept of proactive interference came about
|
|
|
Proactive Interference
|
means that people have trouble learning new material because previously learned material keeps interfering with new material
|
|
|
Baddeley's Working Memory Approach
|
came up with the idea that we have a multipart system of memory.
Central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketch pad, and episodic buffer. |
|
|
Phonological Loop
|
processes a limited number of sounds for a short period of time.
|
|
|
Visuospatial Sketchpad
|
processes visual and spatial information, allows you to look at a complex scene and gather visual information about objects and also allows you to navigate from one location to another.
|
|
|
Central Executive
|
integrates information from the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad, the episodic buffer, and long-term memory. Also plays a major role in focusing attention, planning strategies, transforming information, and coordinating behavior.
|
|
|
Episodic Buffer
|
serves as a temporary store house where we can gather and combine information from the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketch pad, and the long-term memory.
|
|
|
The 1.5 second rule
|
Part of pronunciation, if the word is too long you have less of a chance of remembering it.
|
|
|
Decay Theory
|
info that is spontaneously lost over time, even without interference.
Brown-Peterson |
|
|
Interference Theory
|
forgetting happens due to interference of other material.
Waugh-Norman |
|
|
Retroactive Interference
|
occurs when items you learn now cause forgetting of old memories
|
|
|
Proactive Interference
|
Old items interfere with learning of new items
|
