Cog Psych Chapter/lecture 1

Front 1

Wilhelm Wundt

Back 1

One of the "parents" of Psychology

Front 2

Introspective Method/Analytic Introspection

Back 2

Subjects describe their experiences surrounding stimuli and the description is used as data

Front 3

Behaviourism

Back 3

The study of observable behaviours, rose as a critique against unobservable Cognitive Psychology

Front 4

John Watson

Back 4

A major behaviourist- ran the Little Albert study

Front 5

B. F. Skinner

Back 5

A behaviourist known for the Skinner Box, and also his shitty idea of how language is formed

Front 6

Milgram Experiment

Back 6

A controversial experiment which involved subjects 'shocking' an actor to levels of near fatality- meant to study how we respond to authority

Front 7

Noam Chomsky

Back 7

A linguist from MIT who critiqued Skinner's view of language

Front 8

Francisus Donders

Back 8

Performed a famous experiment measuring reaction time and decision making with reaction time

Front 9

Reaction Time

Back 9

how long it takes the mind to process stimuli and respond to it

Front 10

Simple Reaction Time

Back 10

the mind processing and responding to basic stimuli (eg. see light --> press button)

Front 11

Choice Reaction Time

Back 11

the mind processing and responding to a stimuli that involves a decision (eg. see light --> pick which side the light was on --> press matching button)

Front 12

Structuralism

Back 12

The idea that our experiences are determined by experiences and sensual stimuli

Front 13

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Back 13

Performed the memory decay experiment using nonsense 'words' and offered a quantitative way to measure mental processes.

Front 14

William James

Back 14

Made solid observations on the mind and how it worked- some of those observations still apply today

Front 15

Little Albert Experiment

Back 15

An experiment studying classical conditioning using a young boy, a rat, and a loud noise that sounded when the rat was with the boy, triggering shock and fear in the boy.

Front 16

Ivan Pavlov

Back 16

Studied classical conditioning using dogs

Front 17

Pavlov's Dogs

Back 17

A study on classical conditioning that studied the saliva a dog produced when given food stimuli, and then trained those dogs to produce saliva with a bell stimuli

Front 18

Classical Conditioning

Back 18

A learning process involving two stimuli, where one of the stimuli is then removed and the response still occurs

Front 19

Operant Conditioning

Back 19

A type of learning process that would strengthen behaviour by rewarding good behaviour with either a positive reinforcer (food, praise,) or the removal of a negative reinforcer (punishment, shock)

Front 20

Skinner Box

Back 20

An experiment conducted by B.F Skinner featuring a rat (or pigeon) in a box, where pressing a button would result in a food reward.

Front 21

Edward Chase Tolman

Back 21

Performed a famous study with rats, food, and cognitive maps

Front 22

Cognitive Map

Back 22

A mental representation of surroundings we unconsciously build

Front 23

Colin Cherry

Back 23

Did a study on our ability to be selective about what stimuli we process

Front 24

Donald Broadbent

Back 24

Proposed the first flow diagram of the mind

Front 25

John McCarthy

Back 25

Organized a conference at Dartmouth about AI, also coined the term AI

Front 26

Herb Simon and Alan Newell

Back 26

Made the first AI program, the "logic theorist"

Front 27

Logic Theorist

Back 27

The first AI program, solved logical mathematical problems

Front 28

George Miller

Back 28

Released a paper on the number of things we can process at once- "the magical number seven plus or minus two"

Front 29

Sian Beilock

Back 29

Did a study on "choking under pressure"

Front 30

Working Memory

Back 30

The part of the short term memory concerned with immediate processing

Front 31

Maredyth Daneman and Patricia Carpenter

Back 31

Did a study separating working memory into High Working Memory and Low Working Memory

Front 32

Structural Models

Back 32

Models that show the structures of the brain involved in specific functions

Front 33

Process Models

Back 33

Models illustrating how a process operates

Front 34

Sensory Memory

Back 34

The immediate fractional memory that takes in all stimuli and sends the important stimuli to the short term memory

Front 35

Short Term Memory

Back 35

A limited memory area that holds items for a few seconds, before either discarding or sending to long term memory

Front 36

Episodic Memory

Back 36

Memory for events in your life

Front 37

Semantic Memory

Back 37

Memory for facts

Front 38

Procedural Memory

Back 38

Memory for physical actions (think muscle memory)