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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is aseptic meningitis
what can cause it |
inflammation with negative bac culture
virus, fungus, myco treponema and borrelia |
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How often are petechiae in meningitis
what are some other symptoms
what is bruzenskis sign
what is kernels sign |
30-60%
headace, fever, cervical rigidity
lifting head mades legs move
flexing hip to 90 degree causes pain |
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what are some signs of bacteremia
do bacteria grow in the blood |
URI, positive culture, transient fever malaise, resolves in 1-2 days
no |
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how fast does meningitis come on
what can this develop into
what blood disorder can accompany this |
extremly fast
meningoencephalitis
DIC and shock |
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what can naegleria flowleri cause
characteristics of this organism
what are disease characteristics |
amebic encephalatis
amebo-flagellate in soil and water, found in 50% of fresh water with warm water, comes up cribriform plate -> meningoencephalitis
severe frontal headache, lethargy, progress to confusion and coma, death in 10 days |
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organisms that cause meningitis in under 3 months old
3 month to 3 year
3 to 10 year
10 to 19 year
adult |
groub b strep, gram neg rod
s pneuoniae, n meningitidis
s pneumonia, n minengitidis
n men
s pneumoniae |
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where else besides meninges with n meg go
what can meningococcemia do to skin |
oropharynx
rash |
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What are symptoms of DIC
what happens to blood vessels under septic shock |
fever, chills, myalgia, N/V, headache
incresaed permeability -> fluid loss |
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what is waterhouse-Friderichsen |
adrenal necrosis from infarct from DIC, widespread petechia, no meningitis, death from pulmonary edema |
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what is the reservoir of n men
who does this usually happen to
how much of pop are asymptomatic carriers |
human nasopharynx
low income 6-12 month olds in feb-march
5-10 % |
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what makes and effective capsule and serogroups in N meg
most common serogroups
can grow in anaerobic? Cytochrome oxidase?
what plat is used , what atmosphere |
LOS contected to sialic acid
A B C X Y W135
yes , yes
blood and chocolate, increased CO2 |
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what other factors does N meg have to protect itself
what is latex agglutination
since meningitis treatment needs to cover meningococcus, pneumococcus, and hemophilus what is used |
pili , IgA proteoase, LOS, avoid antibody production to capsule antigens
latex coated with antigens to use to react with patient Igs
cefotaxime vancomycin |
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what is used for meningitis prophylaxis
what vaccines are available |
rifampin and cipro
serogroups A C Y W135 |
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What form of toxoplasma is ingested by humans
In immunocompetent what are symptoms
what do the symptoms of acute form resemble
although uncommon what does severe acute look like |
oocysts from cats or pseudocysts from sheep cows and pigs
85% asymptomatic , but acute - cervical LAD, muscle pain, malaise, fever, chorioretinitis
mononucleosis
hepatitis, encephalomyelitis, myocarditis |
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Toxoplasma in immunocomprimised symptoms
how does congenital toxoplasmosis happen |
encephalopathy, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, pneumonitis
new infection when pregnant |
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what happens if congenitial toxo in first tri
2nd and 3rd
If child is infected but is not borne with apparent disease what is first sign |
spontaneous abortion
epilepsy, encephalitis, dev delay, some chorioretinitis
chorioretinitis |
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How is serology for toxo diagnostic when 1/3 of pop is seropositive
How else can it be diagnosed |
4 fold increase in titer
imaging and biopsy |
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If someone is immunocomprimised (HIV) with toxo how is it treated |
activly and prophylactilcly with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine |
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A gram stain is not used for amena encephalitis but what stain is
what will be seen with amebas
what is treatment |
Wright stain (eosin and methylene blue used for blood smears)
PMNL
intrathecal amphotericin, flucon, azith, rifam, miltefosine (lecithin derivitive useful for leishmaniasis) , dexamethasone |
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What is temperature for traumatic brain injury treatment |
33 degree cooling |
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what are characteristics of Acanthamoeba
what disease does it cause |
ameno-glagellate in soil and water
chronic granulomatous encephalitis, keratitis especially if dirt or contact contaminated |
