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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of penetrating trauma |
High velocity Low velocity Blast injury |
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Symptoms of heat injury |
LOC Seizure Nausea/Vomiting Unusual behaviour Confusion Headache Dizziness Fatigue/weakness |
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Treatment for heat illness |
Move to cool environment Spray with water Fan Strip layers Give fluids |
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3 types of bleeding |
Arterial Venous Capillary |
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Treatment for nose bleeds |
Sit them down Pinch nose for 15 mins Release slowly and repeat if bleeding continues |
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Definition of stage 1 labour |
Onset of regular, rhythmic and painful contractions to full dialation |
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Definition of stage 2 labour |
From full dilation (10cm) to full birth of the baby |
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Definition of stage 3 labour |
From the birth of the baby to full expulsion of the placenta and membrane |
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What is respiratory arrest |
Cessation of breathing |
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Causes of pneumothorax |
Spontaneous Trauma Penetrating Blunt Disease |
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What is respiratory arrest |
Cessation of breathing |
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Types of pneumothorax |
Simple Open/sucking Tension |
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Recognition of pneumothorax |
MOI Tachypnoea Dyspnoea Obvious wound Cyanosis Reduced/unequal chest movement Hyper resonance Reduced air entry |
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Recognition of haemothorax |
MOI Tachypnoea Dyspnoea Cyanosis Hypo resonance |
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Recognition of haemothorax |
MOI Tachypnoea Dyspnoea Cyanosis Hypo resonance |
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What can cause hypovolemic shock |
Burns D&V Haemorrhage |
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What is a compressible haemorrhage |
An external bleed |
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How is a compressible haemorrhage controlled |
Direct pressure to wound Pressure points Tourniquet Celox ECB |
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What is a non compressible bleed |
An internal bleed |
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How is a non compress able bleed controlled |
Surgical intervention |
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What will make us suspect a non compressible haemorrhage |
Pulse >100 Bruising in the area Pain Rigidness MOU Increased RR Slow capillary refill Cyanosis |
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How would you preserve an amputated part |
Rinse the part of debris Wrap loosely in a saline moistened sterile gauze Seal in a plastic bag Keep it cool but don’t allow to freeze Never warm an amputated part |
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What are the 8 technical rescue skills |
Rope Water Search and rescue Confined space Fire fighting Heavy Rescue from collapsed structure Tactical rescue |
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What extraction equipment can be found on a BFA |
Hacksaw Pliers Screwdrivers Bolt cutters Keech cutting tool Common extraction devices |
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How much immobilisation does a stiff neck collar provide |
70% |
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Operations in peacetime |
Strikes Forrest fires Major incidents |
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Four triage categories |
Priority 1 (T1)Immediate treatment - Colour Code Red - Priority 2 (T2) Urgent treatment - Colour Code Yellow Priority 3 (T3) Delayed treatment - Colour Code Green Dead - Colour Code Black |
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What three things are the triage sort based on |
Respiratory Rate Systolic Blood Pressure Glasgow Coma Scale |
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Definition of Mass casualty |
When the number of live casualties temporarily overwhelms the available medical and logistical capabilities. |
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Types of hazard |
• Physical injury • Fire • Toxic fumes • Enemy fire • CBRN attack • Climate Suicide bomber |
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Components of the hazard spectrum |
Trauma/Burns Environmental Medical/Toxicolgical |
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What is SAFE |
Shout send signal for help Assess for hazards Find and free Evaluate casualty |
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Causes of injury |
Blunt trauma Penetrating trauma • Climate • Chemical • Burns • Medical |
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Collision types |
•Frontal impact • Rear impact Lateral or side impact • Rotational impact • Rollover |
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Pathways of frontal impact |
Down and under Up and over |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
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Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
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Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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4 steps for continuous care |
Monitor Reassess Document Caring |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
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Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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4 steps for continuous care |
Monitor Reassess Document Caring |
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How often should we take obs in prolonged field care |
If on your own - Every 15 mins for first 2 hours If stable - Increase to every 30 mins for next 4 hours |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
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Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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4 steps for continuous care |
Monitor Reassess Document Caring |
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How often should we take obs in prolonged field care |
If on your own - Every 15 mins for first 2 hours If stable - Increase to every 30 mins for next 4 hours |
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What is a field treatment card |
FMED 826/827 |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
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Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
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Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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4 steps for continuous care |
Monitor Reassess Document Caring |
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How often should we take obs in prolonged field care |
If on your own - Every 15 mins for first 2 hours If stable - Increase to every 30 mins for next 4 hours |
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What is a field treatment card |
FMED 826/827 |
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10 principles of continuous care |
Personal hygiene Controlling body temp Maintain dignity Pressure areas Dying Maintaining a safe environment Communication Food and drink Toileting Dressings |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
|
|
Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
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|
Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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|
Signs and symptoms of low concentration cyanide poisoning |
Weakness of the legs Vertigo Nausea Headache Rapid breathing Cherry red colouring Convulsions with coma |
|
|
Definition of a blood agent |
A group of chemical warfare agents which prevent body tissue from using the oxygen from the blood and in high concentrations cause respiratory failure |
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Define a nerve agent |
Particularly toxic chemical warfare agents which are organophopshates that interfere with the nervous system and disrupt functions such as breathing and muscular coordination |
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Characteristics of blood agents |
Non persistent Must be inhaled to be effective Very fast acting May be detected by smell, e.g. Cyanide smells of Almonds or peach kernels (however 30% of the population cannot smell AC agent) |
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4 steps for continuous care |
Monitor Reassess Document Caring |
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How often should we take obs in prolonged field care |
If on your own - Every 15 mins for first 2 hours If stable - Increase to every 30 mins for next 4 hours |
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What is a field treatment card |
FMED 826/827 |
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10 principles of continuous care |
Personal hygiene Controlling body temp Maintain dignity Pressure areas Dying Maintaining a safe environment Communication Food and drink Toileting Dressings |
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What are the 7R’s with operational stress |
Recognition Respite Rest Recall Reassurance Rehabilitation Return |
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Treatment for cyanide poisoning |
Ensure PT's respirator is fitted correctly Remove from scene or source of Agent Consider Amyl Nitrite Oxygenate if resources allow via BVM Evacuate |
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Means of delivery for a chemical agent |
Bursting munitions Spray equipment Aerosol generators Chemical IED |
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5 examples of Nerve agents |
Tabun (GA) Sarin (GB) Soman (GD) Cycloarin (GF) V-Agents including VX |
|
|
Early warning signs of a nerve agent - DR PT |
Difficulty in breathing Running nose and increased salivation Pinpointing of pupils and dimness of vision Tightness of chest |
|
|
Later warning signs of a nerve agent - H.I.D.E |
Headache Increasing saliva, drooling at mouth Dizziness and general weakness Excessive sweating |
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Danger signs of a nerve agent - NIMS |
Nausea and vomiting Involuntary urination and defecation Muscle twitching and jerking Stoppage of breathing |
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Categories of chemical agents |
Lethal Damaging Incapacitating |
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Properties of chemical agents |
Physical Chemical Toxicological |
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Persistency of forms of chemical agent |
Liquid - non persistent Solid - persistent Vapour - variable |
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Define a chemical agent |
Chemical substance, which is intended for military purpose to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate people. |
