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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Plasma proteins are produced by: (name 2 things) |
the liver & the immune system |
|
What do hepatocytes synthesize? |
albumin |
|
This electrolyte activates enzyme systems: |
Magnesium |
|
Alkaline phosophate is present in: |
?? all tissue ?? |
|
Bicarbonate (H2C03) sampling - what type of blood sample is best? |
arterial blood |
|
What is the sample of choice when doing a chemistry test? |
Serum |
|
Unconjugated bilirubin are carried by _______________ to the ________________ where it is converted to conjugated bilirubin. |
albumin
liver |
|
Conjugated bilirubin is ________________________. |
Water-soluble |
|
What are the 3 most common plasma proteins that we test for in blood? |
1. albumin
2. fibrinogen
3. globulins |
|
Name a general function of albumin: |
prevents leaky vessels |
|
Which electrolyte is the predominant extracellular anion? |
Chloride
(CL-) |
|
Seem levels of conjugated (direct) bilirubin are elevated in which two conditions? |
1. hepatocyte damage
2. bile duct injury |
|
3 Categories of jaundice & quick examples: |
pre-hepatic - hemolytic anemia
hepatic - hepatitis, cirrhosis (dysfunction of liver cells)
extra-hepatic - obstructive jaundice - gall stone, cancer |
|
Which (enzyme??) is a superior marker of hepatocyte injury from ischemia, toxicity, and other liver injury? |
GST |
|
Name the 3 types of azotemia: |
pre-renal
renal
post-renal |
|
What is azotemia and how are the different types differentiated? |
Increased BUN & creatinine
differentiated by Specific Gravity of urine |
|
In renal azotemia, what percentage of the nephrons are non-functional? |
70% |
|
What is the function of Trypsin? |
breaks down proteins |