Clinical Kinesiology And Anatomy--Chapter 1- Basic Information

Front 1

Kinesiology

Back 1

The study of movement

Front 2

Biomechanics

Back 2

Mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body

Front 3

Kinetics

Back 3

Those forces causing movement

Front 4

Kinematics

Back 4

The time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system

Front 5

Anatomical position

Back 5

the human body standing in an upright position

Front 6

Fundamental position

Back 6

the same as the anatomical position except that the palms face the sides of the body

Front 7

Medial

Back 7

Refers to a location or position toward the midline

Front 8

Lateral

Back 8

Refers to a location or position farther from the midline

Front 9

Anterior

Back 9

Refers to the front of the body or to position closer to the front

Front 10

Posterior

Back 10

Refers to the back of the body or a position toward the back.

Front 11

Ventral

Back 11

a synonym with the same meaning of anterior

Front 12

Dorsal

Back 12

a synonym of posterior

Front 13

Distal

Back 13

means away from the trunk

Front 14

Proximal

Back 14

means toward the trunk

Front 15

Superior

Back 15

used to indicate the location of a body part that is above another or to refer to the upper surface of an organ or a structure.

Front 16

Inferior

Back 16

indicates that a body part is below another or refers to the lower surface of an organ or structure

Front 17

Cranial

Back 17

refers to a position or structure close to the head

Front 18

Caudal

Back 18

refers to a position or structure closer to the feet

Front 19

Superficial or deep

Back 19

A structure described depending on its relative depth

Front 20

Supine

Back 20

a person in lying straight, with the face, or anterior surface, pointed upward.

Front 21

Prone

Back 21

position is horizontal, with the face or anterior surface, pointed downward.

Front 22

Contralateral

Back 22

the opposite side

Front 23

Arm

Back 23

the bone between the shoulder and the elbow joint

Front 24

Forearm (radius and ulna)

Back 24

between the elbow and the wrist

Front 25

Hand

Back 25

distal to the wrist

Front 26

Thigh (femur)

Back 26

between the hip and the knee joint

Front 27

Leg (tibia and fibula)

Back 27

between the knee and the ankle joint

Front 28

Foot

Back 28

Distal to the ankle

Front 29

Thorax (chest)

Back 29

Made up of the ribs, sternum, and mostly thoracic vertebrae.

Front 30

Abdomen(lower trunk)

Back 30

made up of the pelvis, stomach, and mostly lumbar vertebrae

Front 31

Neck

Back 31

cervical vertebrae

Front 32

Head

Back 32

skull

Front 33

Linear motion

Back 33

also called translatory motion, occurs in a more or less straight line from one location to another

Front 34

Rectilinear motion

Back 34

Movement that occurs in a straight line

Front 35

Curvilinear motion

Back 35

Movement that occurs in a path that isn't neccessarily circular

Front 36

Angular motion

Back 36

Movemnt of an object around a fixed point

Front 37

Osteokinematics

Back 37

deals with the relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis

Front 38

Arthokinematics

Back 38

deals with the relationship of joint surface movement

Front 39

Flexion

Back 39

the bending movement of one bone on another, bringing the two segments together and causing and increase in the joint angle

Front 40

Extension

Back 40

the straightening movement of one bone away from another, causing an increase of the joint angle

Front 41

Hyperextension

Back 41

the continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position

Front 42

Palmar flexion

Back 42

Flexion at the wrist

Front 43

Plantar flexion

Back 43

Flexion at the ankle

Front 44

Dorsiflexion

Back 44

Extension at the wrist and ankle joints

Front 45

Abduction

Back 45

movement away from the midline

Front 46

Adduction

Back 46

movement toward the midline

Front 47

Radial deviation

Back 47

When the hands move laterally or toward the thumb side

Front 48

Ulnar deviation

Back 48

When the hand moves medially from the anatomical position toward the little finger side at the wrist

Front 49

Lateral bending

Back 49

When the trunk moves sideways

Front 50

Circumduction

Back 50

Motion that describes a circular, cone- shaped pattern. It involves a combination of four joint motions: (1) flexion (2) abduction, (3) extension, (4) adduction

Front 51

Medial rotation (internal rotation)

Back 51

When the anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline

Front 52

Lateral rotation (external rotation)

Back 52

the anterior surface rolls outward, away from midline

Front 53

Supination

Back 53

faces palm of hand forward, or anteriorly

Front 54

Pronation

Back 54

the palm is facing backward or posteriorly

Front 55

Inversion

Back 55

moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

Front 56

Eversion

Back 56

Outward movement of the ankle

Front 57

Protraction

Back 57

a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the midline

Front 58

Retraction

Back 58

A linear movement in the same plane but toward the midline