Classification Of Drugs On Cns

Front 1

What is the CNS comprised of?

Back 1

Brain and spinal cord

Front 2

What are medications that relieve pain with out causing loss of consciousness?

Back 2

Analgesics often referred to a pain killers.

Front 3

What are pain relievers called that contain opium?

Back 3

Narcotics

Front 4

Can acetaminophen poisoning occur with a single large dose or with chronic ingestion of excessive doses?

Back 4

True

Front 5

What is the maximum daily dose of acetaminophen?

Back 5

4grams is the maximum dose with in 24hrs.
(4g = 4000mg)

Front 6

Fever reducer
Not an NSAIDS
MOA: analgesics action unknown, antipyretic effect results from inhibition of prostaglandins in CNS.
Adverse Effects: few with recommended doses; hepatotoxic/nephrotoxic in overdose and in pts. with decreased organ function. small amount remains in body as toxic metabolite
Contraindications: alcoholics, liver disease, renal disease.

Back 6

acetaminophen (prototype)

Front 7

Acetaminophen overdose causes what?

Back 7

hepatotoxicity

Front 8

True or False
36 to 72hrs after acetaminophen overdose liver function test begin to show increase levels.

Back 8

False it is 24 - 48hrs after overdose.

Front 9

What are later s/s of acetaminophen poisoning?

Back 9

Jaundice, vomiting, CNS stimulation w/excitement and delirium followed by coma and death.

Front 10

If acetaminophen overdose is detected w/in 4hrs of ingestion what 2 tx are available?

Back 10

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal.

Front 11

What is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity?

Back 11

mucomyst most beneficial if given 8 -10hrs after ingestion.

Front 12

What does NSAIDS stand for?

Back 12

Non steroidal Anti inflammatory drugs

Front 13

What is .
the oldest non narcotic analgesic?

Back 13

Aspirin (ASA) Acetylsalicylic Acid

Front 14

MOA: inhibits prostaglandins synthesis by inactivation of COX enzymes to relieve pain inflammation and fever inhibits platelet aggregation for anti coagulant effect.
USES: analgesics, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, and anticoagulant.
ADVERSE EFFECT: GI irritation, ringing in ears - side of overdose, hyperventilation - 1st sign of toxicity in children, may lead to increased uric acid levels.
CONTRAINDICATIONS: PUD, bleeding disorders, asthma, nasal polyps, pregnancy catergory D, less than 2yo, child with febrile illness.

Back 14

Aspirin (ASA) Acetylsalicylic Acid (Prototypes)

Front 15

True or False
If pt. is allergic to Aspirin can NSAIDS be given.

Back 15

False

Front 16

What is Gout?

Back 16

The inability to metabolize uric acid.

Front 17

What are urate deposits in the kidney called?

Back 17

Renal Calculi (kidney stone)

Front 18

What is the prototype medication for gout?

Back 18

Colchicine

Front 19

What reduces inflammation by preventing infiltration of leukocytes into body tissues. Used to prevent of tx acute attacks of glsout. No analgesic or antipyretic effects.

Back 19

Colchicine

Front 20

What inhibits uric acid productions that occurs w/gout and anti-neoplastic drug therapy (chemotherapy)?

Back 20

Zyloprim (allopurinol)

Front 21

What increase the urinary excretion of uric acid?

Back 21

Probenecid

Front 22

What is characterized by periodic attacks of pain, nausea, increased sensitivity to light and sound?

Back 22

migraine headaches

Front 23

If you have a pt that has migraine headaches what foods would you educate them about to avoid because they contain "trigger" chemicals?

Back 23

MSG, chocolate, aged cheese, wine

Front 24

What 3 tx are available for acute pain of migraine headaches?

Back 24

NSAIDS, Acetaminophen, & opioids

Front 25

What 2 tx are available to prevent migraine headaches?

Back 25

Triptans & Ergot Alkaloids

Front 26

What is the name of the ergot alkaloid most effective when given SL or by inhalation?

Back 26

Ergostat (Ergotamine)

Front 27

What 3 Triptans are available for tx of migraines?

Back 27

Imitrex, Zomig, & Axert

Front 28

Triptans prevent the ______ &
______ of the intracranial blood vessels.

Back 28

infammation & dilation

Front 29

what is the prototype for seizure treatment?

Back 29

dilantin

Front 30

what ways can dilantin be administered?

Back 30

by PO & IV

Front 31

what is the MOA in dilantin?

Back 31

decrease sodium (NA+) influx into nerve cells, or altering activity of neurotransmitters.

Front 32

what is dilantin use for?

Back 32

generalized tonic-clonic & some partial seizures and some cardiac dysrthythmias.

Front 33

what are the adverse effects of dilantin?

Back 33

gingival hyperplasia, (gum overgrowth) hypersensitivity reactions, anemia, hepatitis, bone marrow.

Front 34

what is the nursing measures for dilantin?

Back 34

monitor vital signs during IV infusion 1hr after administration.

Front 35

Dilantin is compatible only with?

Back 35

Normal Saline w/given IV.
make sure IV is in the vein not in tissue. causes tissue irritation.

Front 36

what is the dosage you s/not exceed in dilantin?

Back 36

50mg/min if undiluted

Front 37

why w/good oral hygiene be needed w/taking dilantin?

Back 37

because of gingival hyperplasia.

Front 38

Why would you not stop dilantin abruptly.

Back 38

because seizures will recur.

Front 39

Who w/you not give dilantin to?

Back 39

Pt. w/bradycardia, heart blocks, renal and liver impairment, CNS depression and pt w/are Pregnant. diabetes and elderly have increase blood sugars.

Front 40

What does dilantin increase?

Back 40

blood sugars

Front 41

what is the theraputic range for dilantin?

Back 41

0.8-2.0mcg/ml.

Front 42

what decreases. dilantin?

Back 42

alcolhol

Front 43

Why dont you switch btwn generic and trade names?

Back 43

b/c of the differences in bio-availbility

Front 44

Who w/you not give acetaminophen to?

Back 44

Pt's w/liver & renal failure

Front 45

Acetaminophen poisioning may occur w/single or chronic ingestion of excessive doses.

Back 45

True

Front 46

Colchicine is the prototype for?

Back 46

Gout

Front 47

Zyloprim (allopurinol) associated with?

Back 47

Gout and inhibits uric acid production.

Front 48

Probenecid is a med used for?

Back 48

Gout, increases urinary excretion of uric acid.

Front 49

What is the Tx for acetaminophen toicity?

Back 49

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal. If overdose detected w/in 4hrs.

Front 50

Celebrex is a?

Back 50

Cox 2

Front 51

What are the contraindications for NSAIDS?

Back 51

pelvic ulcer disease, bleeding disorders, asthma, nasal polyps, pregnancy category D.

Front 52

What is the oldest non-narcotic analgesic (1899)?

Back 52

Aspirin (ASA)

Front 53

Hyperventilation is the first sign of toxicity in which drug?

Back 53

Asprin

Front 54

what are the 2 categories of migraine treatment meds?

Back 54

treatment of acute pain
and
prevention of migraines

Front 55

what meds are used for migraines?

Back 55

Triptans acts as an agonist and ergot alkaloids
each generic name ends in triptan.

Front 56

1.what are pain meds

2. what are fever reducers

Back 56

1. analgesics

2. antipyretics
both are non-narcotic

Front 57

What drugs are all NSAIDS & used to prevent swelling, pain, stiffness in joints, fever, dysmenorhea, mild to moderate pain?

can cause GI irritation/bleeding, edema, renal failure.

Back 57

Motrin, toradol, lodine indocin, relafen, daypro, feldene, celebrex, naproxen, ketoprofen, voltaren

Front 58

oldest non-narcotic analgesic-1899
it;s actions include inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by inactivation of cox enzymen to relieve pain.
inflammation and fever.

Anticoagulant effect
(won't let you clot)

Back 58

Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid)