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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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order maintainence |
Egon Bittner (weird definition) |
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detective specialization |
clear cut role; detective work is much more specialized than patrol work |
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percent of arrests made by patrol officers |
80% |
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percent of cases solved by detectives |
20% (1 out of every 5) |
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double P's of patrol work |
paperwork and patience |
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Enhancement of professional judgement |
control of discretion- screening, training, socialization |
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purpose of preventive control |
prevent crime, ensure safety, availability |
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percent of agencies at local level |
70-75% |
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procedural accountability |
how officers are held accountable |
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substantive accountability |
what officers should be held accountable for |
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secondary investigation |
investigation taken by detectives after crime can't be solved at lower level |
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three eras of policing |
professional, political, community |
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percent of suspects arrested |
25% (if probable cause is present) |
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number of US police agencies |
18,000 |
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critical task of policing |
maintain social order while preserving individual rights |
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features obtained from england |
local control and fragmentation |
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"rounding out" of police services |
telephone, 2-way radio, patrol car |
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relative importance of investigation compared to patrol work |
patrol work is much more important than investigation; patrol is the backbone of policing |
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response time (Spelman and Brown study) |
fast response time does not increase probability of arrest, slow response time does not decrease probability |
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"drivers" of patrol work |
citizens - call for service |
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keys to detectives solving crime |
hot lead |
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administrative rulemaking |
most effective way of using discretion |
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AR objectives |
confining: when and where, use of force structure: open plan, people aware of policy checking: reviewing decisions |
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accountability mechanisms |
internal (more effective): external: |
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methods to improve criminal investigation |
better case screening, improve detective/patrol relations |
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actions PO take instead of arrest |
warnings, threat |
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most/least discretion in department |
most: patrol least: chief |
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factors influencing discretion |
seriousness (top) and evidence (situational factors), dimeanor, location |
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controls/contraints of discretion |
abolish discretion, administrative rulemaking, enhancement of professional judgement |
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impact of problem seriousness |
less discretion if crime is more seriousness, more discretion if crime is less serious |
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problems/challenges with discretion |
uncontrolled discretion (too much/too little) |
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kansas city preventative patrol |
traditional patrol in marked police cars does not appear to affect the level of crime or feeling of security |
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Flint/Newark foot patrol study |
foot patrol does not reduce serious crime, but it improves citizen satisfaction and reduces citizen fear of crime |
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minneapolis hot spot study |
increase in police presence moderately deters crime |
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RAND study of detectives |
investigators spend most time doing paperwork and interviews; investigative activities play a small contribution in overall arrest rates |
