Civil Rights And Civil Liberties

Front 1

Barron v. Baltimore

Back 1

Supreme Court indicated the Bill of Rights only applied to the states.

Front 2

Miranda v. Arizona

Back 2

Police must inform criminal suspects of their rights before questioning them after arrest.

Front 3

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Back 3

Made discrimination illegal in public accommodations.

Front 4

Griswold v. Connecticut

Back 4

This case established a right to privacy

Front 5

Oregon v. Smith (Employment Division v.Smith):

Back 5

Ingestion of peyote not protected by the First Amendment. Religions are not exempt from laws that apply to everyone

Front 6

Ring v. Arizona:

Back 6

Death penalty cannot be given by a judge, only by juries

Front 7

New York Times v. United States

Back 7

Emphasized citizens protection against prior restraint.

Front 8

Texas v. Johnson

Back 8

Flag burning is protected as symbolic speech. Caused President Bush to seek and amendment banning flag burning.

Front 9

Osborne V. Ohio

Back 9

states can make it illegal to posses child pornography

Front 10

Schenck v. United States

Back 10

establish "clear and present danger" test

Front 11

New York Times v. Sullivan

Back 11

stated that public officials could only sue for libel if they show actual malice on the part of the press

Front 12

Brandenburg v. Ohio

Back 12

established the direct incitement test that said speech would not recieve First Amendment protection if it had the slightest tendency to bring about an evil the government could not protect

Front 13

Miller v. California
(What was the test?)

Back 13

a. Does the work lack serious redeeming literary, aristic, political, or scientific merit?
b.Does the average person find that it violates contemporary community standards?
c.Does the work taken as a whole appeal to a prurient interest in sex?
d. Does the work show patently offensive sexual content?

Front 14

Roe v. Wade

Back 14

A woman’s right to privacy includes her right to have an abortion. Recently the Court has upheld laws making abortions harder to obtain

Front 15

Engle v. Vitale

Back 15

Prayer in schools is unconsitutional

Front 16

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Back 16

a. Is their a secular purpose for the legislative action?
b. Is the primary effect of the government to advance or inhibit religion?
c. Does the action involve an excessive government entanglement with religion?

Front 17

Fourteenth Amendment

Back 17

Is interpreted by the Supreme Court to mean that the Bill of Rights applies to the states

Front 18

Miranda Warning

Back 18

an attempt to protect criminal suspects from unfair police discrimination.

Front 19

Where is assisted suicide legal?

Back 19

Oregon

Front 20

What is the Exclusionary Rule and when was it created?

Back 20

Illegally obtained evidence is not admissible in Court. Established in Mapp v. Ohio

Front 21

What was done to expand civil rights in the 1950's?

Back 21

Push for voting rights

Front 22

What is the right of free speech, as currently interpreted by the Supreme Court?

Back 22

Symbolic speech is protected as free speech. Obscene, lewd, or fighting words are not protected.

Front 23

Establishment clause

Back 23

Prohibits the setting up of a state church

Front 24

Gag order

Back 24

An order by a judge that all parties involved in a case may not discuss it outside of court. Conflict between freedom of speech and freedom of press.

Front 25

“clear and present danger” test

Back 25

free speech can be curbed if such speech would cause a condition that Congress has the power to prevent

Front 26

What amendments protect the rights of the accused?

Back 26

4,5,6,8

Front 27

28. Where is the death penalty allowed today (how many states)?

Back 27

38

Front 28

Incorporation Doctrine

Back 28

Used to make the Bill of Rights applicable to the states.

Front 29

Libel

Back 29

Printed word defaming the character of a person

Front 30

Slander

Back 30

Spoken word defaming the character of a person

Front 31

What is the Court’s position on the “right to die?”

Back 31

They have stated that it is unconstitutional (unless you leave a living will).

Front 32

Gitlow v. New York

Back 32

Modified the “clear and present danger test to change it to speech that has “dangerous tendencies.” First step in applying the Bill of Rights to the states.

Front 33

Dred Scott’s Case

Back 33

Slaves are property

Front 34

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 34

Established the idea of separate but equal. Laid the groundwork for discrimination throughout the nation.

Front 35

Freeman v. Pitts

Back 35

ruled that school districts should assume more local control

Front 36

Missouri v. Jenkins

Back 36

ruled that school districts should assume more local control

Front 37

De facto segregation

Back 37

Segregation that comes about through natural means (ex: housing patterns)

Front 38

De jure segregation

Back 38

Segregation by law

Front 39

What is the trend today in the integration of public schools?

Back 39

School are becoming more single race.

Front 40

What event started to Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.?

Back 40

The Montgomery Bus boycott.

Front 41

Who led the “Black Power” Movement?

Back 41

Malcolm X

Front 42

19th Amendment

Back 42

Gave women the right to vote

Front 43

Who is projected to be the first woman Speaker of the House?

Back 43

Nancy Pelosi

Front 44

Glass Ceiling

Back 44

Discrimination against women in the corporate world

Front 45

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Back 45

Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Front 46

Ring v. Arizona

Back 46

Death penalty cannot be given by a judge, only by juries

Front 47

New York Times v. United States:

Back 47

Emphasized citizens protection against prior restraint.

Front 48

Texas v. Johnson:

Back 48

Flag burning is protected as symbolic speech. Caused President Bush to seek and amendment banning flag burning.

Front 49

Osborne v. Ohio:

Back 49

States can make it illegal to posses child pornography

Front 50

Schenck v. United States: established “clear and present danger test

Back 50

established “clear and present danger test

Front 51

Equal Rights Amendment

Back 51

Would have given women equal rights. A countermovement to feminism emerged during the debate for ratification. It was never ratified.