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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to the Supreme Court advertising is?
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"commercial speech"
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Naturalization
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the legal process by which a person aquires citizenship
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UCLA v Bakke
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White male student (Bakke) was denied admissions and argued that the school denied him equal protection under the law (14th Amendment). The Court agreed.
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Nix v Williams
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Created an "inevitable discovery" exception to the exlusionary rule. Says that evidence seized illegally can be used if that evidence "ultimately or inevitable" would have been discovered anyway.
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US v Salerno
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upheld "preventive detention"
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From which trial did the Exclusionary Rule come?
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Weeks v United States
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What is the Exclusionary Rule?
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supresses illegally seized evidence
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Trials that revolve around Establishment Clause?
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Engal v Vitale, Wallace v Jafree, Allegheny County v ACLU, Pittsburgh v ACLU, Edwards v Aquillard, Walz v Tax Commission, Lemon V Kurtzman, Reynolds v US, Oregon v Smith
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Indictment
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a formal complaint laid before the grand jury by a prosecutor
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Presentment
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a formal accusation brought by the grand jury on its own motion
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Grand Jury
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a formal device by which a person may be accused a serious federal crime
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Information
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an affidavit in which the prosecutor swears there is enough evidence to justify a trial
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Plessy v Ferguson
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Approved the separate but equal doctrine, resulting in the total segregation of the races
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The Supreme Court cites which two amendments as protecting picketing?
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1st and 14th
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What was the focus of the Katz v US trial?
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No wiretapping without a warrant
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Peonage
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a form of servitude in which a person is forced to work for another to pay off a debt. It's illegal.
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Which trial overturned Plessy v Ferguson?
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Brown v Topeka Board of Education
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Which trial gives us the "good faith" exception to the exclusionary rule?
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US v Leon
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All trials that deal with the 6th Amendment right to counsel?
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Gideon v Wainwright and Escobedo v Illinois
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All trials that deal with racial issues?
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Plessy v Ferguson, Brown v Topeka Board of Education, UCLA v Bakke, US v Paradise, Fullilove v Klutznick, Wards Cove Packing Co. v Atonio
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Barker v Wingo
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Whether someone has been denied a speedy trial
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All trials that deal with the 4th Amendment?
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California v Greenwood, Horton v California, Weeks v US
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Citizens
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Fully-fledged members of the political community
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Nationals
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They are not fully-fleged citizens, but they do owe full allegience to the U.S.
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Aliens
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Anyone in the US who is neither a citizen nor a national
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Trials that deal with radio and tv coverage?
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Estes v Texas and Chandler v Florida
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To whom are civil rights guaranteed?
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All Persons
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Rochin v California
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Reinforced the idea of procedural due process.
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Specific part of the Constitution that the Supreme Court used to apply the bill of rights to the states.
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due process clause of the 14th amendment in the case of Gitlow v New York
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Oregon v Smith
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THe court said that a Native American who smoke peyote as part of his religious ceremonies could be denied unemployment benefits if he got fired because of this practice.
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Fullilove v Klutznick
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upheld quotas. It contained a "Minority set-aside provision" requiring that at least 10% of each grant from state and local governments for public works projects had to be allocated to minority owned businesses.
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Which trial produced "clear and present" danger rule?
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Schenk v US
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Which trial outlawed prayer in school?
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Engal v Vitale
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Main focus of WVA Board of Education v Barnett?
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struck down a complusory flag salute law
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Epperson v Arkansas
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court struck down a Louisiana law that required a balanced treatment in schools between evolution and creation science. The Science in public instruction act.
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miscegenation
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laws designed to prevent marriage between the races
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ex parte
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a one-sided court hearing. only the prosecutio is presenting its evidence.
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waive
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to put aside or relinquish ones right to a jury trial
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sedition
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urging people to resist lawful authority
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What's the difference between De Jure segregation and De Facto segregation?
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De Jure- segregation by law, illegal
De Facto- housing patterns |
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Which law was struck down as a bill of attainder?
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Landrum-Griffin Act
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Symbolic speech is a reference to what?
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expression by conduct
Tinker v Des Moines |
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Which case is referred to as the Pentagon Papers Case?
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New York Times v US
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Taylor v Louisiana
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Said women could not be excluded from jury services
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Maryland v Garrison
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Allowed the use of evidence seized in a mistaken search for drugs.
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Miranda v Arizona
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the court said that an accused person must be advised of his sixth amendment rights
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Horton v California
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no warrant is needed to seize evidence
"in plain sight." |
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Wallace v Jafree
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struck down an Alabama law setting up a moment of silence for "meditation or voluntary prayer"
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Escobedo v Illinois
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court threw out a confession that was taken without the defendant's lawyer being present
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Furman v Georgia
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court said the death penalty was unconstitutional
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Runyan v McCary
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ruled against two private schools that discriminated against blacks. the court said these schools had refused to enter into contracts of admission
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McCarran Act
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requires all communist organizations to register with the attorney general
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