Civil Affairs Week 1 Test Review

Front 1

Who has the responsibility for the Execution of CMO.

Back 1

The Commanding Officer has the sole responsibility for the execution of CMO. CMO is an inherent command responsibility that can't be delegated or assigned to anyone else.

Front 2

Define CMO

Back 2

The activities of a commander that establish, maintain, influence, or exploit relations between military forces, IGOs, NGOs, local authorities and civilian populace in a friendly, neutral, or hostial operational area in order to facilitate military operations, to consolidate and ahieve operational US Objectives.

Front 3

Define CA

Back 3

Civil Affairs are designated Active and Reserve component forces and units organized, trained, and equipped specifically to conduct civil affairs operations and to support civil-military operations.

Front 4

Describe the difference between CMO and CA.

Back 4

Every Marine is a rifleman but not every Marine is infantry.

Every Marine may participate in CMO, but not every Marine is Civil Affairs.

Front 5

Understand the difference between Active and Reserve Civil Affair Forces Teams

Back 5

A 5-Man reserve or 7-Man active Duty CA team supports an infantry battalion. A CA Team helps the supported commander plan, coordinate, and conduct CMO. Like a CA Detachment, CA teams can be tasked organized and provide security elements, interpreters. etc..

Front 6

Understand the difference between Active and Reserve Civil Affair Groups and Detachments

Back 6

USMC Civil Affairs Group have (4) CA Detachments, (1) HQ & Staff Element, and (1) Public Health Section. A CA Detachment has (3) CA Teams, Each team has 5-man (reserves) or 7 Man (Active) members.

Front 7

Know the definition of a NGO (Non-Governmental Organization)

Back 7

NGOs are transnational organizations of private citizens that maintain a consultative status with the UN Economic and Social Council (UNESCO). NGOs may be proffesioanl associations, foundations, multinational businesses or simply groups with a common interest in humanitarian assistance activities (development and relief) NGOs is a term normally used for non-U.S. organizations.

Front 8

What is a GO and be able to name some examples

Back 8

Governmental Organization (GO) is an agency of the U.S. host nation (HN) or 3rd nation government that establishes policies, programs, or procedures involving the mitigation of the effects of humanitarian crises, or providing developmental assistance. Examples of GOs are: DFID- Department for International Development USAID- U. S. Agency for Internationakl Develoment OFDA- Office of U.S. Foreign disaster assistance. DART- Disaster Assistance Reposnse Team PRT- Provincial Reconstruction Team ePRT- Embedded Provintial Reconstruction Team.

Front 9

Be able to name different IGO, Interational Government Organization.

Back 9

IGOs is normally established by treaty. Its agencies establish policies, programs, or procedures involving mitigating or developmental assistance.
Examples are:
UNCHR: The U N High commissioner for Refuges.
WHO: World Health Organzation
UNDP: U N Office for development programs.

Front 10

Know advantages of an IGO

Back 10

Advantages: Represent their organization's interest rather than those of a country.
-More effective control over aid spending
-Greater variety of experience and technical skills, but often slow to respond because of size and ideological restrains,

Front 11

now disadvantages of an IGO

Back 11

Can be slow to get off the mark
Can be overly beaurocratic
Often deffers key decision making

Front 12

Understand what the Interagency is as defined by DOD.

Back 12

Interagency is defined as :United States Government agencies and departments, including the Department of Defense. Common partners include
-U.S. Dept of State (DoS)
-U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
-U.S. Dept of Justice (DoJ)
-U.S. Dept of Agriculture (USDA)

Front 13

Understand who directs, coordinates, and supervises the activities of U.S. Government agencies overseas.

Back 13

The Embassador is the chief of the Diplomatic Mission and the direct representative of the President of the United States to a foreign country. The Ambassador directs, coordinates, and supervises the activities of U.S. Gov agencies in a country. The Ambassador performs these duties through the Country Team.

Front 14

Understand the function and purpose of a Provintial Reconstruction Team (PRT)

Back 14

PRTs are joint civilian-military organizations operating in Afghanistan and Iraq's provinces.
-PRTs are key instruments through which the international community delivers assistance at the provincial and distric level (Lowest Level).
-PRTs endeavor to provide an enviroment stable and secure enough for advancing reconstruction, political, transition, and social economic development.
-PRTs are a key component of a three-part strategy to spread stability:
1. extend the authority of the central government (HN Gov.)
2. promote and enhance security
3. Facilitate humanitarian relief, reconstruction, and development.

Front 15

Know the 5 Civil Affairs Core Tasks

Back 15

-FHA: Foreign Humanitarian Assistance,
-NA: Nation Assistance
-SCA: Support to Civil Administration
-CIM: Civil Information Mamangement.
-PRC:Populace and Resource Control,

Front 16

Nation Assistance exercises fall under a Geographic Combatan Commanders Theater Security Cooperation Plan but involve many members of the interagency including the Ambassadorial Country Team. Given these key players, who would a MAGTF CA Marine actually work with to coordinate MAGTF CMO efforts in support of an NA (Nation Assistance) exercise and why?

Back 16

Embassadorial Country Teams, NGOs, GOs and IGOs, MAGTF CMO Planners. Why? To identify and validate NA Projects, Synchronize these projects with other organizations, and teach basic CMO concepts to Host Nation authorities and organizations.

Front 17

Given 3 main programs that fall within the realm of Nation assistance, (SA-Security Assistance, FID-Foreign International Defense, MCA- Military Civic Action) how are they different from FHA (Foreign Humanitarian Assistance) and SCA (Support to Civil Administration) programs? What would MAGTF CA most likely provide support to?

Back 17

NA Programs are SA (Security Assistance), FID (Foreign Internal Defense), MCA (Military Civic Action) and are civil military assistance programs designed to promote sustainable development and growth of a Host Nations while FHA programs are used to relieve or reduce the results pf natural disasters or other endemic conditions, in addition SCA are military operations that help to stabilize or continue the operations of a foreign government body or civil structure.

Front 18

Given 3 main programs that fall within the realm of Nation assistance, (SA-Security Assistance, FID-Foreign International Defense, MCA- Military Civic Action) how are they different from FHA (Foreign Humanitarian Assistance) and SCA (Support to Civil Administration) programs? What would MAGTF CA most likely provide support to?

Back 18

NA Programs are SA (Security Assistance), FID (Foreign Internal Defense), MCA (Military Civic Action) and are civil military assistance programs designed to promote sustainable development and growth of a Host Nations while FHA programs are used to relieve or reduce the results pf natural disasters or other endemic conditions, in addition SCA are military operations that help to stabilize or continue the operations of a foreign government body or civil structure. MAGTF CA most likely provide support to FHA and SCA programs.

Front 19

Know who, under U. S. law, is granted authority to define or lay out what type of support to civil administration is provided during peacetim, disaster, or war.

Back 19

SCA during peace time, wartime, and disaster are authorized by the Geographic Regional commander under the authorization of the SECDEF. (Check answer in book for correctness)

Front 20

Know what the considerations are when planning support to civil administration in a friendly or occupied territory.

Back 20

Friendly: This includes advising friendly authorities and performing specific functions within limits of the authority and liability established by international treaties and agreements.

Occupied Territory: Includes the establishment of a temporary government, as directed by the SECDEF to exercise executive, legistative, and judicial authority over the populace of a territory which U.S. forces have taken from an enemy by the force of arms until an indigenous civil government can be established.

Front 21

know what the goals are when the U.S. forces are preparing to support civil administration in an occupied territory.

Back 21

-Establish a Gov't that supports US objectives,

train reliable civilians to help with transfer and

transfer control to recognized gov't as soon as possible.

Front 22

Understand the primary methods used by Civil Affairs forces to gather and utilize information

Back 22

Civil Recon: CA Marine must be the SME on the local population in the MAGTF AO.

Identifying Civil Vulnerabilities (thru Civil analysis)- Recommend non-lethal COAs that address how to gain control of the population to defeat the insurgents or achieve stability thru non-lethal targeting.

Front 23

Understand the concept of the Civil Information Grid

Back 23

Civil information Grid can be tapped into in order to build and information structure relevant to planning and conducting CMO. CIG provides the capability to coordinate, collaborate, and communicate to develop the civil components of COP.

Front 24

Understand how Civil information is generated and the steps involded.

Back 24

Civil information is generated by using a civil information Grid by involving 6 steps: Collection, collation, processing, analysis, production, disemination.

Front 25

CIM Step 1. Collection

Back 25

-gathering of relevant data
-little, if any, quality screening.
Everything related is relevant

Front 26

CIM Step 2. Collation

Back 26

-ordering of the data into groupings
-the tools and methods for this step are varied and are still being developed. available computer based programs can accomplish this step.

Front 27

CIM Step 3. Processing

Back 27

-the physical and cognitive manipulation of the separate pieces of data information.

Front 28

CIM Step 4. Analysis

Back 28

-The sifting of the information for patterns and indicators of past behaviors or ideas that might have some predictive value and application.

Front 29

CIM Step 5. Production

Back 29

The packaging of civil information into forms and structures that can be easily disseminated.

Front 30

CIM Step 6. Dissemination

Back 30

Actively pushing the knowledge products out to consumers. some of these consumers might not realize they need the information until they get it.

Front 31

What are the two basic uses for information?

Back 31

suggestions send to [e-mail]

Front 32

how does civil reconnaissance relate to CIM?

Back 32

Civil Reconnaissance is a primary collection method used by all Ca Forces to gather and utilize civil information.

Front 33

Understand the 5 C's of SITREPs

Back 33

Clear, Concise, complete, current, critical (CCIR)

Front 34

Two Types of CMO Assesment

Back 34

Initial Assesment: CMO Planners identify those information requirements necessary to satisfy information gaps and assumptions made during the conduct pf preliminary assesment.

Rapid Assesment: is a determination of current conditions, capabilities, or attitudes of a specific village, facility, or population group.

Front 35

Understand the products that derive from a Rapid Assesment

Back 35

Products of the rapid assesment include updated SITREPS that portray actual conditions, project nominations, and interim or final reports validating the status of projects.

Front 36

what Class (type) of property receives a special degree of care and protection under international Law.

Back 36

Scientific, cultural property. ie.. arts, monuments, archives, religious sites.

Front 37

Define PRC

Back 37

PRC consists of two distinct, yet linked components: Polulace and resource control: Are the those government measures used to provide security for the populace, deny personnel and material to the enemy, mobilize the population and material resources, and detect and reduce the effectiveness of enemy agents.

Front 38

PRC controls

Back 38

are usually the responsibility of the indigenous government.

Front 39

Types Of populace control measures:

Back 39

Curfews, movement restrictions, resettlement, registration cards, travel permits.

Front 40

what is a common resource control tool?

Back 40

licensing, checkpoints, rations control, inspection of facilities

Front 41

Ca Roles in PRC

Back 41

-identifying or evaluating existing HN PRC measures

-advising on PRC measures that would effectively support the commander;s objectives.

-recommending command guidance on how to implement PRC measures.

Front 42

when applying property control, may a military commander take possession of property owned by an enemy government?

Back 42

Yes. military necessity.

Front 43

which party is normally responsible for PRC?

Back 43

The indigenous civil government is responsible.

Front 44

Which level of authority provides directives and policies for the care, control, and disposition of dislocated civilians.

Back 44

Theater commander.

Front 45

Know the goals and reasons why a MAGTF would conduct DC operations.

Back 45

to prevent interference with operations, protect civilians, prevent disease and suffering.

Front 46

Name 8 different categories of Dislocated Civilians (DC)

Back 46

1. Displaced person
2. refugee
3. evacuee
4. stateless person
5. war victim
6. internally displaced person
7. returnee
8. resettler

Front 47

DC control measures

Back 47

curfews, movement restrictions, travel permits, registration cards, and resettlement activities.

Front 48

categories of civilians

Back 48

1. Remain in place
2. dislocated

Front 49

what is the definition of solatia?

Back 49

payments in money or in kind to a victim or to a victim's family as an expression of sympathy or condolence.

Front 50

are solatia payments an admission of responsibility?

Back 50

payment is not an admission of legal liability or fault.

Front 51

under what circumstances would a claim be covered under the foreign claims act, 10 U.S.C. (Section 2743)?

Back 51

provides compensation for death, or damage caused by incident to, noncombat activities of the U.S. military overseas. A claim can be covered only if it did not arise from action by an enemy combatant or from an act of the armed forces of the U.S. in combat, indirectly related to combat, and occurring while preparing for, going to, or returning from a combat mission.

Front 52

understand the 5 critical cultural factors

Back 52

1. culture and the eviroment: How to interact share with each other

2. Culture and local economies: Not a world economy but a local economy

3. Social organization and power: How people organize and their relationship to each other . iee.. tribe, family.

4. political structure and leadership: related to social organization and identifies leaders in an area, tribe, community.

5. cultural beliefs systems: Way people look at and think about the world, ideas about religion, and the views in a certain religion about others.

Front 53

Understand that while planning, CMO Marines should consider multiple aspects of cultures

Back 53

understand belief systems, customs, religion, tribal organization, ethnicity, gender roles, ideas about law and justice, ways of making a living, food and other taboos.

Front 54

what do CA Marines must understand about the 5 critical cultural factors?

Back 54

understand that actions in one of the cultural factors or dimensions may have repercussion on the other.

Front 55

What is the Department of State Role in a NEO?

Back 55

The DoS is the Lead agency and the embassador has the primary responsibility for conducting evacuation

Front 56

know the 3 types of operation environment in which a NEO can be conducted?

Back 56

Permissive: full cooperationm mutually beneficial, politically stable

Uncertain: Covert/Overt operation, opposition from host nation, outside forces, or local forces and governments.

Hostile: forced entry, follow up combat operations may be necessary, Large number of combatants and dislocated civilians possible.

Front 57

know the phases of an emergency action plan EAP

Back 57

Travel warning: additional travel into the area discourage and departure encouraged.

Drawdown: As the situation develops, the embassy may begin reducing staffing for gov. agencies to essential personnel only through a drawdown.

authorized departure: authorizes funds and allowances, encourages departures of all U.S. citizens, and noncombatants.

Ordered departure: Mandatory departure of staff ordered, military transport may be required.

Evacuation: Embassy or post closed, leave commercial, stand fast, evacuation.

Front 58

Know what the "c" in METT-TC Stand for and what are its components.

Back 58

Civil dimension of the battefield

components: civilians, enviroment, and capacity

Front 59

Know what the elements of ASCOPE are and be able to describe how to use each one to understand the operational enviroment.

Back 59

ASCOPE is used to evaluate and asses the Civil cimenstion of the battlefield. or the "c" in METT-TC.

A: Areas
S: Structures
C: Capabilities
O: Organizations
P: Population
E: Events

Front 60

ASCOPE:

Areas

Back 60

Areas: analize key civil areas and identify how do they affect military mission and the military operation impact on these areas.

Front 61

ASCOPE

Structures

Back 61

analyze existing structures with significant roles to include high payoff targets. what are the implications and consequences to structure damage?

Front 62

ASCOPE

Civil Capabilities

Back 62

capabilities of the HN to suppport itself, ie.. government administration, public work, health, transportation, economics, public safety.

Front 63

ASCOPE

Organizations

Back 63

Organized groups that may or may not be affiliated with the local government. incluide key leaders who influence the actions of the populace.

Front 64

ASCOPE

Population

Back 64

local populations can have a positive or negative impact on military operations, includes people inside and outside the AO and considers quantity, ages, ethnicity, customs, and culture.

Front 65

ASCOPE

Events

Back 65

How local events affect MAGTF mission and operations. example: Ramadan, local elections, harvest seasons,

Front 66

When planning CMO at the Ca Team or infantry battalion level, know what occurs during each phase of the civil affairs methodology.

Back 66

AD3T

A:Asses, CA team initial CMO Estimate with output of CA Team;s restated mission Statement.

2. D: Decide, what is the end state, the MOEs, and MOPs of your team CMO plan. Develop COAs and ensure COAs are in sync with NGOs IGOs HN etc..

D: Develop/Detect, what is the situation, what are the relationships/human networks and civil conditions that bear upon the Team;s mission.

4. D. Deliver, engage hasty and programmed CMO mission or targets with appropriate means public information messages.

5. E: evaluate, validate CMO concept of operations, determine whether MOEs and MOPs have been met.

6. T: transition, Team plans to terminate or transition civil-military tasks to other NGOs IGOs or HN and HN organizations.

Front 67

Understand where MOEs fit in the CA Methodology.

Back 67

Evaluate phase of CA Methodology, validate CMO concept of operations, determine whether MOEs and MOPs have been met.

Front 68

Understand the Meaning of CA Reconnaissance

Back 68

A targeted, planned, and coordinated observation and evaluation of the civil aspect of the enviroment.

Front 69

what are the four types of military briefing?

Back 69

1. Information brief.
2. Decision Brief
3. Staff brief
4. Mission Brief

Front 70

what are the 3 general purposes of military briefings?

Back 70

inform, persuade, direct

Front 71

how many steps are there in the briefing process? what are they?

Back 71

five,
1. research topic
2. plan the delivery
3. deliver practice briefing
4. revise the brief
5. deliver final brief

Front 72

what are the types of Ca area assessment?

Back 72

preliminary and deliberate

Front 73

when is the preliminary assessment conducted?

Back 73

Upon receipt of the mission

Front 74

When would you normally conduct a deliberate assessment?

Back 74

Upon entry into the AO, continuously throughout an operation, and as directed for special or emergency cases.

Front 75

what is the definition of a Civil Affairs Area Study?

Back 75

A prescribed collection of specific information pertaining to a given area developed from sources available.

Front 76

what are the two major sections of the CA area study?

Back 76

1. The general section: Study geography, history, people, U.S. interests and Foreign Nation Support.

2. Functional Specialty areas Section, includes rule of law, infrastructure, governance, public health and information, and economic stability.

Front 77

what acronym best summarizes the items we should consider when studying infrastructure

Back 77

SWEATMSO

Sewer
Water
Electricity
Academics
Trash
Medical
Safety
Other

Front 78

What is the goal of short term (reactive) FHA?

Back 78

respond quickly to relieve suffering, prevent loss of life, and protect property.

Front 79

What are the 3 operational environments in which FHA is conducted?

Back 79

Permissive, Uncertain, and hostile

Front 80

How does MAGTF support FHA?

Back 80

providing food and medical care, constructing basic sanitation facilities, repairing public facilities, constructing shelters, responding quickly to relieve suffering, prevent loss of life, and protect property

Front 81

What are the two general categories of FHA programs employed by U.S. Commanders?

Back 81

Proactive and reactive

Front 82

Is FHA always provided to government that we "agree" with?

Back 82

NOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!

Front 83

what are "Deminimus" activities?

Back 83

Lowest Level of funding, covers only minimal expenditures for incidental costs.