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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NOT a motivation for European settlers who founded colonies in North America
a. hope of wealth b. religious freedom c. desire to start an independent nation d. chance to escape debtor prisons in England |
c. desire to start an independent nation
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Three points that make up the triangular trade route
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America, Africa, Europe
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An achievement of the Second Continental Congress
a. preparing a Declaration of Rights b. raising an American army c. establishing a strong central government d. passing the Intolerable Acts |
b. raising an American army
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Features diversity, commerce, and religious commerce
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Middle Colonies
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DID not contribute to the foundation for the form of government that was adopted by the U.S.
a. Magna Carta b. Totalitarianism c. Enlightenment d. Roman Republic |
b. Totalitarianism
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Government by the consent of the governed
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Popular Sovereignty
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Marked the beginning of self-government in colonial America
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House of Burgesses
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Led an armed uprising of about 1,200 Massachusetts farmers on a federal arsenal
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Daniel Shays
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Contributed to the start of the American Revolution
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British debt following the French and Indian War
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Government set up by the Articles of Confederation
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legislative, unicameral Congress
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Most governmental matters in the charter colonies were handled by...
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the colonists
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stated that Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the American colonies "in all cases"
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Declaratory Act
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Drew up the English Bill of rights in 1689
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First Continental Congress
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Qualifications for the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
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-Must be at least 25 years of age
-Must be experienced -Must be a citizen for at least 7 years -Must be known by the state |
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Qualifications for the SENATE
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-Must be at least 30 years of age
-Must be a citizen for at least 9 years -Must be known by the state |
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Enumerated, Expressed, and Delegated Powers
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given specifically to Congress by the Constitution
examples: declare war, collect taxes, coin money |
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Reserved Powers
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powers that the Constitution does not give to the national government (given to state government)
examples: establishing schools, regulating trade within state borders Location: Amendment X |
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Concurrent Powers
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shared by federal & state governments
examples: borrow money, setup courts & prisons, taxation Location: Article I |
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Implied Powers
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Given to Congress, but not stated specifically in the Constitution (Necessary & Proper clause)
Examples: licensing tv stations, regulating air pollution Location: Article I, Sect. 8, Clause 18 |
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Denied Powers
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things that the Constitution prohibits the federal Government from doing
Examples: no bills of attainder, ex post facto laws Location: Article I, Sect. 9 |
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Due Process
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-V(fifth) Amendment
-14th Amendment (Rights of citizens) -Innocent till proven guilty must be informed of rights -Laws must be reasonable -Means to follow established Legal procedures -trial by jury -equal protection |
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Popular Sovereignty
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Government by consent of the Governed
examples: fair, free and regular elections; equal justice; majority rule through the people's reps in gov't -Idea of gov't lies with the ppl -Could be another name for the Declaration of Independence -Echoed in the "We the People" phrase in the Constitution |
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Checks and Balances
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-prevents abuse of power in gov't
-each branch of gov't can check the others |
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Executive checks
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-propose laws to Congress
-Veto laws made by Congress -Negotiate foreign treaties -Appoint Federal judges -Grant pardons to federal offenders |
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Legislative Checks
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-can override President's veto
-Ratify treaties -confirm executive appointments -impeach federal judges -create and dissolve lower federal courts |
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Judicial Checks
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-Declare executive acts, laws, acts of Congress unconstitutional or constitutional
-Holds the final check |
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Separation of Powers
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the division of the gov't into three branches to prevent too much power
-Proposed by French Philosopher Baron de Montesquieu |
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Federalism
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-division of power between state & local gov'ts
-some power shared (tax, enforcement of laws) National gov't has "supreme power" |
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Bills of attainder
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laws that punish a person without a jury trial
CONGRESS BANNED FROM PASSING THEM -forbidden by Article I |
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Ex Post Facto law
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law that would allow a person to be punished for an action that was not against the law when it was committed
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Writ of Habeas Corpus
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cannot be suspended by Congress
court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why they are holding the person Habeas corpus is a latin phrase "you should have the body" writ is a written legal order |
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Filibuster
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-Talking a bill to death
-Usually done by senators -delays a vote until the bill's sponsor withdraws the measure -can be ended by a the Senate if 3/5's of the members vote for cloture no one may speak for more than one hour |
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6th amendment
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fair, speedy trial rights (to attorney)
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8th Amendment
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cruel and unusual punishments
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9th Amendment
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Gov't cannot limit rights of the people to the BOR
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10th Amendment
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Powers not given to the nat'l gov't are given to the states or ppl
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13th Amendment
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abolition of Slavery
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14th Amendment
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Rights of citizens; especially former slaves
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15th Amendment
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right to vote for former slaves
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16th Amendment
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taxation rights
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17th Amendment
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election of Senators by ppl, instead of state legislators
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19th Amendment
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women suffrage (right to vote)
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22nd Amendment
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limited President's term to 2 or 10 years (VP turned President)
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23rd Amendment
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citizens of DC allowed to vote for President and VP
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23rd Amendment
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citizens of DC allowed to vote for President and VP
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24th Amendment
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No poll taxes
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25th Amendment
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Voting age from 21 to 18
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26th Amendment
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Pay raises can't go into effect till after Congressional election
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McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819)
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Ruled that national gov't is supreme in all disputes between state and federal powers
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Marbury vs. Madison
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established Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review
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Brown v. Board of Ed. (1954)
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overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
integrated schools |
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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
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said African Americans could be provided with "separate but equal" public facilities
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