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138 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Webpage |
One page/document within a website |
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Server |
Computer controlling information sent, responding to queries, often called 'host,' several computers can serve as the server within a network. Typically has more power. |
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SSD |
Solid State Drive, shock resistent, faster, durable, uses flash memory |
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User name |
Unique combination of characters used to identify one user |
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Application Software |
Programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks |
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Cloud storage |
Storage based on the 'cloud,' accessed through internet connection, information stored off-site, often for a fee |
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Computer |
Allows for the input of data and output of information |
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Internet |
Basics started in 1960, NOT started by Al Gore |
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Tethering |
Allows a smartphone/tablet to share its Internet connection with another device |
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W3C |
Oversees research and set standards and guidlines for many areas of the Internet |
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Packet sniffing |
Used to intercept information sent over the Internet despite encryption |
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HTML |
Hyper Text Mark-Up Language |
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HTTPS |
Hypertext Transfer Protocol - Secure; Indicates encryption of data |
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Restricted Domain Extension |
Limited use for such things as military (.mil) |
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Web Server |
The machine (computer and hardware/software) that serves web pages |
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IP Address |
Indicates the Internet provider, includes numbers and letters both |
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Top Level Domain |
Last three characters in a web address, typically indicate the purpose/use of a page |
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World Wide Web |
Became popular in the '90s |
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Filter Bubble |
The concept of information on the Internet being filtered for content |
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URL |
Uniform Resource Locator; adress used to request a website or a specific page within the site |
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Wiki |
Collaborative website allowing for creation, editing, modification, or deletion of content |
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Blog |
Short for web log |
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Thumbnail |
Small version of a larger graphic on a webpage |
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Digital Divide |
Difference in access to computers between countries or within communities, amount of high speed internet access within one group compared to another |
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Heat Maps |
Use color intensity to illustrate concentratrios, volumes, or quantities |
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Web Browser |
Software used to access the Internet; Safari, Firefox, Opera, Edge, Chrome |
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VR |
Virtual Reality, immersive experience, doesn't require expensive equipment |
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Fiber Optic Cable |
Fastest transfer material, uses bursts of light sent through glass or plastic to transfer data, not-yet-used cable called Dark Cable |
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Ultrabook |
Ultrathin laptop that uses the Windows operating system |
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Convertible Tablet |
Tablet with an attached keyboard |
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Server Farm |
Network of servers housed in one location, does not include bundled software |
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Inattentional Blindness |
Distraction due to talking on a mobile phone or similar device |
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Skimmer |
Device attached to card slots in order to access card information, used at ATMs and gas pumps often |
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Supercomputer |
Typically has thousands of users, Watson |
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Vending Kiosk |
Delivers certain types of products upon request (Redbox) |
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Bluetooth |
Typically reaches 33 feet without extending devices, devices require pairing before they can connect with Bluetooth |
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Terminal |
ATMs, cash registers, user interface to a larger computer |
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Project Management Software |
Used to manage the production of new products |
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Product Activation |
Technique to ensure software is not installed on more computers than legally liscensed |
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Instant Messaging |
Real-time exchange of messages, files, audio, and/or video with another online user |
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Fragmented Disk |
Many files stored in noncontiguous sector |
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Restore Program |
Reverses the back-up processes and returns files to original form |
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Sharpness |
Increases/decreases how crips objects in a photo appear |
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Clip Art |
Collection of electronic drawings, photos, other images to be inserted itno documents |
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File Compression |
File utility used to shrink files |
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Disk Cleanup |
Searches for and removes uneccessary files |
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Bloatware |
Extra software of minimal value installed on newly purchased computers |
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MySQL |
Most used database on the Internet |
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Keynote |
Presentation software associated with Apple |
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Microsoft Publisher |
Desktop publishing program |
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Freeware |
Comes without monetary cost |
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Open Source Software |
Must be given away at no cost |
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Command-line Interface |
Uses no images or 'dress-ups,' allows for direct input of commands and enterence of data and instructions |
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Spooling |
Sends documents to a buffer instead of directly to the printer |
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Task |
An operation the processor manages, such as sending data to the printer |
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Cross-Platform Application |
Runs the same on multiple operating systems |
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Upward Compatible |
Feature of an application that will run on a newer version of the existing operating system |
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Device-Independent |
An operating system that runs on computers provided by various manufacturers |
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Recovery Media |
Used when a computer cannot start from the boot disk |
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Booting Process |
Starts or restarts the computer |
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Hibernate |
Saves any open documents and programs to the hard drive before removing power from the computer or device |
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Thrashing |
When the operating system spends too much time paging rather than executing application software |
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Platform |
Another term for the operating system used by the computer |
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Swap File |
Area of the hard disk used for virtual memory |
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Distributions |
Variety of forms in which Linux is available |
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Virtual Memory |
Portion of the hard disk designated to function as additional RAM |
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Active Program |
The program in the foreground when multiple programs are open |
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iOS |
Proprietyary mobile operating system specifically made for mobile, Apple devices |
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Buffer |
Where items are placed by the operating system while waiting for devices to become idle and ready to receive new items |
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Chrome OS |
Linux-based operating system designed by Google to work primarily with web apps |
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Print Spooler |
Intercepts documents from the operating system to be printed and places them in the queue |
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Single User/Single Tasking |
Operating system used by embedded computers and some mobile devices
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Mac OS X |
Latest version of the Mac operating system, multitasking, available only for Apple computers |
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Memory Resident |
Remains in the memory while the computer is running (the kernel) |
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Paging |
Process of swapping items between memory and storage |
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Live ___ |
Type of media, usually means the media can be used to start the computer |
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Search |
File and disk management tool attempting to locate a file on the device based on specified criteria |
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Y2K |
Concerned with the turnover from 1999 to 2000 |
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Adapter |
Circuit board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals |
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Memory Slots |
Hold memory modules |
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Hertz |
Unit of measurement for the clock speed for the channel |
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Intel-compatible Processors |
Produced by AMD, similar to Intel design, performs the same functions and can be as powerful with less expense |
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Coding scheme |
Eight numbers grouped together representing a character |
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Computer memory |
Contains operating system, applications, data being processed |
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CPU |
Central Processing Unit or processor, electronic omponent that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer |
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Power Supply |
Converts AC power in the wall plug to DC power as required by a computer |
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Memory Access Time |
Amount of time the processor takes to read data from memory |
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CMOS |
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, provides high speeds and consumes little power |
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System Bus |
Connects the processor to the main memory |
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Multi-Core Processor |
Single chip with two or more seperate processor cores |
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Model Name/Number |
Method used to identify chips by their manufacturers |
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RAM chips |
Reside on memory module |
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Stylus |
Slightly smaller than a digital pen, used to select options on touchscreens |
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Printer Resolution |
Measured in dots per inch |
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OMR |
Technology used to read rectangles or circles filled in, such as on tests |
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Plotters |
Sophisticated printers used in engineering and drafting |
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OCR |
Read images of characters and attempts to convert them to actual characters |
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Thermal Printers |
Inexpensive, but the print quality is low and images tend to fade |
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Nonimpact printer |
Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper |
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RAID |
Group of two or more integrated hard disks |
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Formatting |
Must be done before data on a disk can be read from or written |
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Optical Disk |
Flat, round portable disc written and read by a laser |
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Transfer rate |
Measured in KBps, MBps, and GBps |
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Storage Media |
Physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information |
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Access Time |
Amount of time taken to locate an item on a storage medium |
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Striping |
Technique splitting data across multiple disks in a RAID array |
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CD-R |
Disc that can be written onto, but not erased |
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Differential Backup |
Backups performed between full backups |
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Direct Access |
Doesn't require cycling through previous or latter information |
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Encryption |
Ensures unauthorized people won't be able to view files on a medium |
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Optical Disc |
Storage media made of metal, plastic, and lacquer written onto and read by a laser |
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Smart Cards |
Stores a prepaid amount of money |
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Parallel Interfaces |
Send several bits at once |
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External hard drives |
Easily store large files, add storage, transport large number of files |
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Claytronics |
Programmable matter |
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Exabyte |
Largest measure of data storage |
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Bits |
Each individual part of a byte (1 or 0), takes eight for one byte |
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MAN |
Metropolitan Area Network; typically includes one or more WANs, but covers less area than a LAN |
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WLAN |
Wireless Large Area Network; can communicate with a wired LAN |
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Star Network |
One central device, if primary devices fails, others cannot connect |
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BAN |
Body Area Network; smaller than a PAN |
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NIC |
Communications device enabling a computer without built-in networking capability to access a network |
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Coaxial Cable |
Single copper wire surroudned by at least three layers |
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Ethernet network standard |
No central computer or device on the network should control when data can be transmitted |
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RFID |
Used by new tollbooths, utilizes close-range, infrared lasers |
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Network Architecture |
Design of devices in a network as either client/server or peer-to-peer |
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NFC |
Defines how a network uses close-range radio signals to communicate between two devices equipped with this technology |
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Latency |
Time taken for a signal to travel from one location to another on a network |
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Botnet |
A group of compromised computers connected to a network that attacks other networks |
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Payload |
The destructive event or prank the program is intended to deliver |
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Spoofing |
Technique used to make a network appear legitimate to a victim computer or network |
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Audit Trail |
File a computer creates that records successful and unsuccessful access attempts |
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Digital Signature |
Encrypted code a person, website, or organization uses to verify the identity of a message sender, often used to ensure an imposter is not participating in an Internet transaction |
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Crimeware |
Software used by cybercriminals |
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FOIA |
Enables pubblic access to most government records |
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Secure site |
Uses encryption to protect data |
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Bot |
Program that performs a repetitive taks on a network |
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Multi-factor authentication |
Requires something known and possessed |
