Circulatory System

Front 1

Circulatory System Functions

Back 1

Pump, Blood Transport System around Body, Carries O2 and nutrients to cells, and carries away waste products

Front 2

Structures

Back 2

Heart, Blood, Capillaries, veins, arteries, and lymph

Front 3

Heart

Back 3

Muscular organ that is the size of a closed fist that weighs 12-13 oz and is located in the thoracic cavity.

Front 4

Stethoscope

Back 4

Instrument used to hear the heartbeat

Front 5

Heartbeat

Back 5

A double pump that circulates the blood at rest 2oz blood with each beat. Ave- 71 beats per minute, 100,000 beats a day

Front 6

Pericardium

Back 6

Double layer of tissue that surrounds the heart

Front 7

Myocardium

Back 7

Muscle of the heart

Front 8

Endocardium

Back 8

Smooth inner lining of heart

Front 9

Septum

Back 9

Partition (wall) that separates R from L half

Front 10

4 Chambers of Heart

Back 10

Upper Chambers- R and L Atrium

Lower Chambers- R and L Ventricle

Front 11

Valves of Heart

Back 11

4 heart valves permit flow of blood in one direction

Front 12

Arteries

Back 12

Carry oxygenated blood away from heart and to the capillaries , elastic muscular and thin walled, transport blood under high pressure

Front 13

Aorta

Back 13

Largest artery in body

Front 14

Coronary Arte

Back 14

First branch

Front 15

Arterial Blood

Back 15

Oxygen Rich

Front 16

Veins

Back 16

Carry deoxygenated away from capillaries to heart, less elastic and muscular than arteries,

Front 17

Thin Walled Veins

Back 17

Collapse easily when not filled with blood

Front 18

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

Back 18

Bring deoxygenated blood to R Atrium

Front 19

Capillaries

Back 19

Smallest blood vessels can only be seen with a microscope, walls one-cell thick allowing for selectively permeability of nutrients, oxygen, CO2, and metabolic wastes

Front 20

Major Blood Circuits

Back 20

General(Systematic) to rest of body and Cardiopulmonary exchange with lungs

Front 21

Right Atrial Contraction

Back 21

Blood Flows from your right atrium through tricuspid valve in the right ventricle. When ventricles are full tricuspid valve shuts to prevent backwards blood flow when the ventral contracts

Front 22

Right Ventricular Contraction

Back 22

Blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs.The pulmonary vein empties oxygen-rich blood into the left atrium .

Front 23

Left Atrial Contraction

Back 23

Blood Flows from your left atrium to the left ventricle through the open mitral (bicuspid) valve

Front 24

Left Ventricular Contraction

Back 24

Blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve into the aorta and to the body

Front 25

Right Heart

Back 25

Deoxygenated blood flows into the heart from vena cava > Right atrium > Tricuspid Valve > Right ventricle > Pulmonic valve > lungs (For oxygen)

Front 26

Left Heart

Back 26

Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left atrium via pulmonary veins > mitral (bicuspid) valve > left ventricle > Aorta Semilunar valve > Aorta > General circulation (To deliver oxygen)

Front 27

Coronary Arteries

Back 27

Supply heart with oxygenated blood

Front 28

Heart Sounds

Back 28

"The first sound (Lubb) is caused by the valves closing between the atrium and the ventrals

The second sound (Dupp) is shorter and higher pitched. It is caused by the semilunar valves and the pulmonary artery closing"

Front 29

Flow of blood

Back 29

(Right) Superior vena cava>inferior vena cava> Right atrium > Tricuspid valve> right Ventricle > Pulmonic valve> Pulmonary artery > lungs CO2 and O2 exchange > (Left) Pulmonary vein > left atrium > mitral (bicuspid) valve> left ventricle> Semilunar aortic valve > Aorta > body

Front 30

SA

Back 30

Sinuatrial

Front 31

Node

Back 31

Pacemaker

Front 32

SA Node

Back 32

Located in R Atrium, sends out electrical impulse that begins heart. Impulse spreads over atria making them contract (making blood flow downward). Then travels to AV Node

Front 33

AV

Back 33

Atrioventricular

Front 34

AV Node

Back 34

Conducting cell groups between atria and ventricle. electrical impulse is carried to conducting fibers in septum > Bundle of His

Front 35

Bundle of His

Back 35

Divides into R and L branches to network of branches in ventricles (Purkinje Fibers)

Front 36

Purkinje Fibera

Back 36

Ventrals Contract…heart then rests briefly

Front 37

Cardiac Cycle

Back 37

Represents one heart beat each beat takes 0.8 seconds 72-80 bpm

Front 38

Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG)

Back 38

Device used to record the electrical activity of the heart

Front 39

Systole

Back 39

Contraction Phase

Front 40

Diastole

Back 40

rest phase

Front 41

Blood Pressure

Back 41

Surge of blood when heart pumps creates pressure against walls of arteries

Front 42

120

Back 42

Average systolic pressure

Front 43

80

Back 43

Average diastolic pressure

Front 44

Pulse Sites

Back 44

Brachial (Arm), Carotid (Neck), Radial (Wrist), Popliteal (behind knee), Pedal (Foot)

Front 45

Angina Pectoris

Back 45

Chest Pain caused by lack of oxygenate o heart Rx: Nitroglycerin

Front 46

Arteriosclerosis

Back 46

loss of elasticity and thinking of artery walls

Front 47

MI/ Heart Attack

Back 47

Lack of blood supply to myocardium causes damage. Blockage of coronary artery or blood clot

Front 48

Aterosclerosis

Back 48

Plaque build up on anterior walls

Front 49

Anticoagulant

Back 49

Prevents more clots from happening

Front 50

Congestive Heart Failure

Back 50

Ventricles unable to contract effectively and blood pools into heart causing it to back up into the lungs.

Rx: Drugs to increase heartbeat and diuretics to reduce fluid

Front 51

Angioplasty

Back 51

Procedure to help open clogged vessels. May also be called “Balloon Surgery”

Front 52

Coronal By-pass

Back 52

Healthy vein from the leg removed and attached before and after the coronary obstruction, creating an alternative for blood supply to the myocardium

Front 53

Heart Transplants

Back 53

"Why? Irreparably damaged myocardium, valves or blood vessels, or a baby/child with congenital heart defect.

Rx: Immunosoppressants"

Front 54

Demand Pacemakeer

Back 54

Fires only when the heart drops below program minimum

Front 55

Stint

Back 55

Tiny expandable stainless steel tube that hold coronary artery open following aginoplasty

Front 56

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Back 56

Used in presence of cardiac arrest

Front 57

Defibrillation

Back 57

Electrical shock to bring heart back to a normal rhythm

Front 58

AED

Back 58

Automated External Defillator

Front 59

Aneurysm

Back 59

ballooning of an artery, thinning and weakening

Front 60

Varicose Veins

Back 60

Swollen, distended veins- heredity or due to posture, prolonged periods of standing, physical exertion, age, and pregnancy

Front 61

Prevention for Varicose Veins

Back 61

Wear sunscreen,elevate legs when resting, and wear elastic support stockings

Front 62

Hypertension

Back 62

High BP, “Silent killer” no symptoms, leads to strokes, heart attacks and kidney failure. 140/90 or higher