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7 Cards in this Set
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Transport in vertebrates |
1. Circulatory system -function to move fluid between various parts of body. 2.small aquatic animals with no circulatory system -each cell is exposed to water and can independently exchange gases and eliminate wastes. -sponges,cnidarians,and flatworms. 3. Pseudocoelomates - Use the coelomic fluid of their body as a mean of transporting substances. -nematodes. 4. Coelomate echinoderm -also rely on movement of coelom fluid within their body cavity as ciculatory system -may still use body fluid for the purpose of locomotion |
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Open circulatory |
-first to evolve -the heart pumps hemolymph via vessels. -vessels empty into tissue space -hemolymph drained back to the heart |
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Closed circulatory system |
1. Most cells arent far from a capillary 2.heart pumps blood to capillaries. 3.gases and materials diffuse to and from nearby cells. 4.vessels return blood to the heart without contact between blood and tissues |
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Transport in vertebrates |
Vertebrate heart Atria-receives blood from general circulation. Ventricles-pump blood out through blood vessels. Vertebrate vessels Arteries-carry blood away from heart Arterioles-small arteries which lead to capillaries. Capillaries-exchange materials with tissue fluid Venules-join to form a vein Vein-return blood to heart |
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Comparison of circulatory pathways |
Fish-single loop(1 atrium,1 ventricle) Amphibian-double loop(2 atrium,1 ventricle) Reptilian-a septum partially separates the ventricles Birds and mammals-double loop |
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Path of blood through heart |
-Blood returning from systemic circuit -vena cavae return blood to right atrium -Right atrium pumps blood to tricuspid valve to the right ventricle -the right ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve to the pulmonary circuit. -blood returning from pulmonary circuit -enters left atrium -the left atrium pumps blood to bicuspid valve to the left ventricle. -the left ventricle pumps blood to aortic semilunar valve to systemic circuit |
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The human cardiovascular system |
Heartbeat -systole-contraction of heart chamber -diastole-relaxation of heart chamber Cardiac cycle-two part pumping action that takes about a second -blood collects in atria,atria contract -pushes blood through tricuspid and mitral valves into the resting lower ventricles. -the phase is called diastole Second phase after the ventricle fill -ventricles contract -this phase is called systole -after blood moves into pulmonary artery and aorta,the ventricles relax |
