Chp. 10

Front 1

logical developments
a. iconoclasm
b. filoque
c. Great schism
d. clerical celibacy
e. tasubstantination
f. maiology
g. scholasticism

Back 1

blah

Front 2

iconoclasm

Back 2

oppositition to holy icons.
Leo III banned use of icons in woship: 730
2nd council of nicea held in opposition of Leo III (iconodules) and won

Front 3

who was the biggest supporter of icons?

Back 3

John of Damascus

Front 4

Filoque Clause

Back 4

West inserted final saying to the nicene creed "and son"
-suggested that father and son are Holy spirit, which angered East.
-Led to Schism of Photius: divided E and W until Photius's death. Pre-cursor of final seperration of church.

Front 5

Great Schism

Back 5

1054
official seperation between E and W church, mainly caused by filoque clause.
-too many differences made it impossible to mend the situation

Front 6

What are some of the differences between the E. and W. churches?

Back 6

-East used leavened bread, West used unleavened.
-East allowed priests to be married, West did not.
-East saw state over church, whereas West saw church over state.

Front 7

clerical celibacy

Back 7

East allowed priests to be married, West did not

Front 8

transubstantiation

Back 8

"substance or being" change in substance.
-

Front 9

What is the catholic position of the Eucharist?

Back 9

the bread and wine are transformed into the Body and Blood of christ after concencrated by the priest.

Front 10

4th lateral council

Back 10

Made transubstantiation official view of Catholic Eucharist. 1215

Front 11

Real Presence

Back 11

still bread and wine, but also body and blood.-Utheran position

Front 12

Mere Remeberence

Back 12

present in our minds but bread and wine are not physical body and blood of christ (some protestant news)

Front 13

Mariology

Back 13

the study of the virgin mary (high during middle ages)

Front 14

Mariolatry

Back 14

worship of the virgin mary
-common in Roman catholics, not protestants

Front 15

Marionists

Back 15

dedicated to the virgin mary

Front 16

Scholaticism

Back 16

Plato vs. Aristotle
up to this point, W. were Platonists, began to follow aristotle

Front 17

Plato

Back 17

more other worldly, eternal

Front 18

Aristotle

Back 18

more physical.
both essence and accidence
-we have invented ideas from the world we see (such as categories)

Front 19

Anslem of Canterbury

Back 19

Ontological argument: b/c the greatest possible being imaginable would have to include property of existance, God must exist.
-holiness of God demands a sacrifice (jesus)

Front 20

Abelard

Back 20

Sic et Non ("Yes and No")
-examined all argumetns before coming to a decision.
-became model for many

Front 21

Thomas Aquinas

Back 21

-followed Abelard
-quoted different views but then added his own solutions to the end
-summary of christian doctrine

Front 22

William Occam

Back 22

Occams Razor
reason alone can prove nothing about God
-Gods actions cant be interpretted
-councils and popes err, so the only authority is the Bible

Front 23

Occam's Razor

Back 23

whatever is least complicated explanation is the best

Front 24

Renaissance

Back 24

rebirth
ad fontes (back to the sources)
-start of the end of the middle ages
-rebirth of Greek and Roman classics forgotten in the West.
-humanism
-marked the rebirth of critical thinking

Front 25

Renaissance Art

Back 25

emphasis on realism and human forms

Front 26

Humanism

Back 26

apllied to those influenced by the spirit of the Renaissance, valued study of humanities, art, lit, music, history, religion

Front 27

Efforts to reform the church

Back 27

began in monastaries
Rule of Benedict
St. Francis

Front 28

St. Francis
(Franciscans)

Back 28

abandoned riches for poverty
monks should live in real world
-Mendacit orders: christ had nothing, monks and christians should live the same way.
-order of friars

Front 29

Dominicans

Back 29

debated heretics, teaching correst doctrine
-apologetics
-Albert the Great
-thomas acquinas

Front 30

Mystics

Back 30

hoped to change themselves through direct contact with the divine

Front 31

Mystics:
-Hildegard of Bingen
-Meister Eckhart
-Catherine of Siena
-Joan of Arc

Back 31

these are mystics!

Front 32

Hildegard of Bingen

Back 32

Saw visions, recorded them into "God's Mysteries"
-director of a covenant

Front 33

Meister Eckhart

Back 33

dominican monk from Germany
-each human soul contains a spark that was somehow identified with God.
-hero for non orthodox people

Front 34

Catherine of Siena

Back 34

nun who Wrote letters to pope and political figures

Front 35

Joan of Arc

Back 35

led french to defeat english

Front 36

Symeon the new Theologian

Back 36

hesyonasm: Silence
style of meditation in E. orthodox monistaries

Front 37

Conciliar Movement

Back 37

councils are superior to the pope
-council of pisa
-council of constance: started movement
-5th lateral council

Front 38

5th lateral council

Back 38

invalidated council of pisa, declared movement invalid.
Julius
1512

Front 39

Forerunners of Protestant reformation
-Peter Waldo
-John Wycliff
-John Hus
-Girolamo Savonarola

Back 39

yay

Front 40

Peter Waldo

Back 40

believed christians should live simple lives of poverty
-preached publicly
-took bible literally
-opposed oaths, purgatory, and veneration of icons

Front 41

John Wycliff

Back 41

oppossed catholic Eucharist idea: christ is mystically present, but the bread and wine are still present as well.
-first english translation of the bible

Front 42

Jan Hus

Back 42

Bible is the final authority for all christians, including popes
-opposed indulgences: only God can forgive sins
-killed at council of constance (trap) burned at stake

Front 43

Girolamo Savonarola

Back 43

-dominican friar
-against wealth
-became ruler of city, outlawed homosexuality
-"Bonfire of Vanities"
-burned at stake at same spot as bonfire