Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Myasthenia Graves
|
autoimmune disease against skeletal muscle's nicotinic receptors
treatment? parasympthomimetic agents |
|
|
what receptors are coupled to ion channels?
|
nicotinic and GABA
changes in membrane potential and ion conc within cell |
|
|
what receptors are coupled to adenyl cyclase?
|
beta
conversion of ATP-->cAMP, protein phosphorylation, intracellular effects |
|
|
what receptors are coupled to DAG and IP3?
|
alpha-1 and muscarinic
protein phosphorylation, increase intracellular Ca2++ |
|
|
relaxation of uterus. sym? or parasym?
|
sympathetic
|
|
|
Alzheimer's disease
|
loss of NTs
Treatment? treat with indirect acting parasympathomimetic |
|
|
where are 3 subtypes of muscarinic receptors found?
|
M1= gastric parietal cells
M2= cardiac cells, smooth m. M3= endocrine glands, smooth m. All are found on neurons. |
|
|
where are nicotinic receptors found?
|
autonomic ganglia and neuromuscular end-plate
|
|
|
Name all 6 muscarinic agonists and their f(x)nal class.
|
alkaloids = muscarine, pilocarpine
esters = Ach, methacholine carbamate = bethanechol non-ester = cevimeline Rate of hydrolysis for each f(x)nal class alkaloids = none non-ester = none esters = fast carbamate = fast |
|
|
Indirect acting parasympathomimetic agents are called...
|
AchE inhibitors
What are the two divisions? Reversible inhibitors and Irreversible inhibitors (organophosphates) |
|
|
Name the 5 reversible AchE inhibitors.
|
rivastagmine
galantamine physotigmine neostigmine tacrine |
|
|
Name the 2 irreversible AchE inhibitors.
|
sarin (nerve gas)
parathion (insecticide) |
|
|
Name a AchE reactivator.
|
pralidozime (PAM)
|
|
|
atropine. classification?
|
muscarinic antagonist
|
|
|
what two drugs are approved to treat xerostomia?
|
pilocarpine and cevimeline
Classify these drugs. pilocarpine = muscarinic agonist (alkaloid) cevimeline = muscarine agonist (non-ester) |
|
|
what class of drugs are used to treat glaucoma?
|
parasympthomimetic agents
|
|
|
what class of drugs are used to treat postsurgical bladder atony and paralytic ileus?
|
parasympthomimetic agents
|
|
|
bethanechol has been indicated for treatment of...
|
urinary retention
this drug has been off-label to treat what? xerostomia |
|
|
name 5 antimuscarinic drugs.
|
atropine
scopolamine methantheline propantheline glycopyrrolate classify atropine and scopolamine. belladonna alkaloids |
|
|
name 3 drugs that can interact with antimuscarinic drugs. *drug interaction*
and what if their effect? |
additive anticholinergic effect
phenothiazines tricyclic antidepressants antihistamines |
|
|
name 3 drugs that can interact with antimuscarinic drugs. *drug interaction*
and what if their effect? |
delayed absorption
acetaminophen levodopa cemetidine |
|
|
what receptors are found on smooth muscle cells?
|
M2, M3, beta
activation of each of these receptors leads to... M2 = inhibits relaxation of SM M3 = contraction beta = relaxation |
|
|
what receptors are found on BVs?
|
M3
activation of each of this receptor leads to... relaxation of smooth muscle surrounding BV |
|
|
what receptors are found on smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal sphincter?
|
M1
activation of each of this receptor leads to... relaxation of gastrointestinal sphincter |
