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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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true/false: antimuscarinic agents block both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
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false - they block only muscarinic, w/little/no action on neuromuscular junctions
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general actions of antimuscarinics
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- HR: decreased @ low dose, increased @ high dose
- pupillary dilation - inhibit pupillary constrictor - cycloplegia - inhibit CB - decreased urinary bladder motility - GI antispasmotic - decreased bronchial secretions - anti motion sickness - tx COAD & asthma |
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atropine
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- cholinergic antagonist
- use IV for cardiac arrest - causes mydriasis & cycloplegia - duration 14 days - clinical use: penalization therapy in amblyopia; cycloplegic refraction for pts. w/accommodative esotropia >20D - for overdose, use physostigmine - CI in pts w/glaucoma |
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scopolamine
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- cholinergic antagonist
- anti-motion sickness (penetrates CNS) - blocks short-term memory - tx uveitis |
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ipratropium
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- inhaled cholinergic antagonist; use to tx asthma
- derivative of atropine |
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nicotine
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- ganglionic blocker
- @ low dose: increased BP & HR; increased peristalsis & secretions - @ high dose: decreased BP; activity in GI & bladder ceases - no therapeutic use |
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trimethaphan
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- ganglionic blocker
- emergency lowering of BP - short acting; must be given IV |
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mecamylamine
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- ganglionic blocker
- use for chronic tx of moderate-severe HTN |
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tubocurarine, pancurium, mivacurium, atracurium
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- non-depolarizing (competitive) neuromuscular blocking drugs
- derivatives of curare - relax skeletal muscles during surgery |
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succinylcholine
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- depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug
- an agonist - can get flaccid paralysis of respiratory system in genetic deficiency of cholinesterase |
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tropicamide
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- cholinergic antagonist used to dilate
- shorter half-life than atropine |
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cyclopentolate
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- cholinergic antagonist
- most commonly used dilating agent (cycloplegia) |
