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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the avg. newborn weight, weight at their 1st birthday,weight @ 24 months and what % is this of their adult weight?
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avg newborn weight: 7 lbs.
1st bday: 22lbs 24 months: 30lbs 15- 20% of their adult weight |
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what is the avg. newborn length?
length @ 1st bday? length @ 24 months? what % of their adult height? |
avg newborn length: 20 in.
1st bday:30 in 24 months: 32-36 in. %: 50% |
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What is the most critical part of biosocial development?
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Brain Growth
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When are most of the neurons in a newborn created and where are most of them located?
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before birth ; 70 % are located in the areas of the Cortex.
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brain functions that require basic common experiecnces which the infant can expect to have in order to grow, such as some kind of communication, these experiences MUST happen
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Experience Expectant
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brain functions that depend on particular and variable experiences in order to grow, such as communication in the own native language; these experiences MIGHT happen
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Experience Dependent
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what is the MOST acute sense at birth?
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hearing
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what sense is the least developed at birth?
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VISION
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what is the reflex that maintains oxygen supply?
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BREATHING REFLEX
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What are the reflexes that manage feeding in which it causes babies to suck anything that brushes their cheek?
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the sucking and rooting
relfex |
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what can the avg infant do by 8-10 months?
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crawl
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what can the avg infant walk w/ assistance?
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9 months
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when can the avg infant walk unassisted?
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12 months
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the avgh infant can reach for, grab at, and hold almost any approx. sized object at what age?
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6 months
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when can the avg infant infant coordinate both hand to enclose a larger object?
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between 11 and 12 months
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a process that stimulates the body's immune system to defend against attack by contagious diseases; it is the most important factor in controlling infant mortality rates and population growth
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IMMUNIZATION
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what did the World Health Organization recommend infants be fed with and for how long before other foods were added in?
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breastmilk for 4 to 6 months
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the process of taking new info into the mind by incorporating it into previously developed mental categories; anything infront of them can be grasped
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ASSIMILATION
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the process of taking new info into the mind in such a way as to readjust, refine, or expand previous mental categories; they can only grasp certain things
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ACCOMODATION
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in the sensorimotor STAGE 1. what is the age and what ar ethe cahracteristics?
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reflexes: sucking , grasping, staring, listening
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what are the characterisiticsin STAGE 2?
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2-4 months: First Aquired Adaptation; the infant sucks froma pacifier differently than from a nipple, grabs the bottle to suck on it
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What are the characterisitcs in STAGE 3?
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4-8 months: an awareness of things, responds to people and objects
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what are the characterisitcs of STAGE 4?
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New adaptation and anticipation; object permanence
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what are the characteristics of STAGE 5?
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active experimentation; considered "little scientists"
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what are the characteristics of STAGE 6?
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new means through mental combinations
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a perspective that compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data
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information processing
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an opportunity for perception & interaction that is offered by people, places, and objects of the environment
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affordances
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children around the world follow the same sequence of early language development, but they differ in timing and depth of linguistic ability
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LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
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what is the spoken language of newborns?
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cries, movements, facial expressions
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waht is the spoken language of infants 3-6 months?
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squeals, growls, croons, and vowel sounds
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what is the spoken language of 6-10 month olds?
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babbling, consonant and vowel sounds
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what is the spoken language of 12 month olds?
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first spoken words
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what is the spoken language of an 18 month old?
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vocab spurt- 3 or more words learned per day
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what is responsible for the innate human ability to learn language?
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LANGUAGE AQUISITION DEVICE
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infants communicate in every way they can b/c humans are social beings
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social pragmatic theory
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what is the most obvious emotion in babies?
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cries
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fear of unfamiliar people; begins at 6 months and if full blown by 10 - 14 months
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STRANGER WARINESS
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fear of abandonment when the caregiver goes away even for a few minutes; stongest at 9-14 months
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separation anxiety
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individual differences in emotional, motor, and attentional reactivity and self-regulation, which is primarily genetic.
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temperament
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laugh or cry hard, or merely smmile or whimper
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intensity of reactions
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react to all sensory stimulation or seem obvious
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threshold of responsiveness
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what is the percent of infants who are "easy", "slow to warm up" and "difficult"?
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40% are easy, 15% were slow to warm up, and 10% were difficult.
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what percentage of children were unable to be classified?
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35%
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a smooth, coordinated interaction b/w caregiver & infant, beginning at about 3 months.
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synchrony
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the infant seeks info about an unfamiliar or ambiguous object or event by observing someone else's expressions and reactions
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social referencing
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the mother-child relationship is crutial, with strong consequences if something goes wrong
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psychoanalytic theory
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emotions and personality are modeled as parents reinforce or punish spontaneous behaviors
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behaviorism
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early family experiences are important primarily bc our thoughts, perceptions, and memories make them so in developing concepts of the world
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cognitive theory
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the entire social context can have a major impact on infant-caregiver relationships
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sociocultural theory
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a long lasting, enduring affectional tie that one person ot animal forms bw himmself and another specific person or animal
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Attachment
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hads been used to measure an infants attachment to a caregiver by evoking the childs reactions to somewhat stressful conditions
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strange situation
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