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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the smallest particles of an element that retain the chemical identity of the element.
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Atoms
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What is an atom made up of. Another name for Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons; collectively.
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Subatomic Particles
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Originates from a negative electrode or cathode.
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Cathode Rays
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The spontaneous emission of radiation.
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Radioactivity
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A positively charged extremely dense region. Contains Protons and Neutrons.
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Nucleus
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A particle that has a positive charge.
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Proton
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A particle that has no charge.
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Neutron
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A particle that has a negative charge.
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Electron
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A form of charge, designated positive, negative, or zero, found on the elementary particles that make up all known matter.
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Electronic Charge
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Amu. = 1.66054x10^-24
Used to express the small mass of atoms. |
Atomic Mass Unit
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Unit of length used to express atomic dimensions.
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Angstrom
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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of any particular element.
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Atomic Number
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The total number of protons plus neutrons in the atom.
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Mass Number
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Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers (same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons)
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Isotopes
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The average atomic mass of each element.
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Atomic Weight
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An analytical instrument in which ions, produced from a sample, are separated by electric or magnetic fields according to their ratios of charge to mass.
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Mass Spectrometer
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The arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number.
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Periodic Table
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The horizontal rows of the periodic table.
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Periods
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The verticle columns of the periodic table.
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Groups
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All the elements on the left side and in the middle of the periodic table, except for Hydrogen.
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Metallic Elements (Metals)
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Divided from metals by a diagonal steplike line that runs from Boron to Astitine.
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Nonmetallic Elements (nonmentals)
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Elements that have properties that fall between those of metals and those of nonmetals.
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Metalloids
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an assembly of two or more atoms tightly bound together.
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Molecule
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A representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements
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Chemical Formula
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A molecule that is made up of two atoms.
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Diatomic Molecule
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Compounds that are composed of molecules .
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Molecular Compounds
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Chemical formulas that indicate the actual numbers and types of atoms in a molecules.
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Molecular Formulas
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Chemical formulas that give only the relative number of atoms of each type in a molecule.
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Empirical Formulas
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Shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule
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Structural Formula
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If electrons are removed from or added to a neutral atom, a charged particle.
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Ion
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An ion with a positive charge.
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Cation
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A negatively charged ion
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Anion
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A charged species (ion) composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded.
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Polyatomic Ions
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A compound that contains both positively and negatively charged ions.
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Ionic Compound
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the system for naming chemical compounds
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Chemical Nomenclature
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Formed by a large majority of the chemical elements
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Oxyanion
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C1O^3
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Chlorate Ion
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The study of compunds of Carbon.
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Organic Chemistry
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Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen.
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Hydrocarbons
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In the most basic class of hydrocarbons, each carbon atom is bonded to four other atoms
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Alkanes
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Obtained by replacing an H atom of an alkane with an -OH group.
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Alcohol
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