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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemistry
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the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes
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Chemical
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any substance that has a definate composition
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Mass
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a measure of the amount of matter
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Matter
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anything that has mass and takes up space
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Atom
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the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
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Element
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a pure substance made of only one kind of atom
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Compound
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a substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded
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Extensive Properties
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depend on the amount of matter that is present
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Intensive properties
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do not depend on the amount of matter present
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Physical property
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a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
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Physical change
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a change in a substance that does not involove a change in the identity of the substance
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Change of state
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a physical change of substance from one state to another
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solid
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matter that has a definate volume and shape
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Liquid
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matter that has definate volume but an indefinate shape
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Gas
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matter that has neither definate volume nor definate shape
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Chemical Property
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relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
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Chemical change/reaction
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a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
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Reactants
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substances that react in a chemical change
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Products
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the substances that are formed by the chemical change
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Mixture
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a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
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Pure substance
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has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in the following ways: 1) Every sample of a given ____ has exactly the same characteristic properties. 2)Every sample of a given ___ has exactly the same composition
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Groups or families
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The vertical columns of the periodic table
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Periods
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the horizontal columns of the periodic table
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Metal
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an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
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Nonmetal
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an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
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Metalloid
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an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals
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6 Branches of Chemistry
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Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Theoretical Chemistry
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Organic Chemistry
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the study of most carbon-containing compounds
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Inorganic Chemistry
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the study of all substances not classified as organic, mainly those compounds that do not contain carbon.
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Physical Chemistry
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the study of the properties, changes, and relationships between energy and matter
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Analytical Chemistry
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the identification of the components and composition of materials
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Biochemistry
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the study of substances and processes in living things
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Theoretical Chemistry
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the use of mathematics and computers to design and predict the properties of new compounds
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Activites in Chemistry
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Basic Research, Applied Research, Technological Development
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Basic Research
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carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge
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Applied Research
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Carried out to solve a specific problem
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Technological Development
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Involves the production and use of products to improve quality of life.
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Homogeneous mixture
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uniform in composition
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Heterogeneous mixture
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mixtures that are not uniform throughout
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Metalloids (Elements)
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Boron (B), Silicon (Si), Arsenic (As), Tellurium (Te), Germanium (Ge), and Antimony (Sb).
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