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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fluid
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material that has the ability to flow (air, water)
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Archimedes Principle
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- an object floating on a liquid will displace a volume of liquid equal to the WEIGHT of the object
- an object immersed in a liquid will displace a volume of water equal to the VOLUME of the object -an object in a fluid (floating or immersed) feels a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced |
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Dalton's Theories (name them)
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- Law of Conservation Mass
- Law of Definite Proportions |
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Law of Conservation Mass
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There is no detectable change in mass during a chemical reaction.
(during a chemical change there is no creation or destruction, only combination into new substances) |
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Law of Definite Proportions
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Different samples of a pure compound always contain the same elements in the same proportion by mass
(water is always 11.2% hydrogen and 88.8% oxygen) |
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Pascal's Principle
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-When an external pressure is applied to a confined fluid, it is transmitted unchanged to every point within the fluid
-The pressure to a confined fluid increases the pressure throughout the fluid by the same amount. |
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Bernoulli's Principle
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The faster a fluid flows, the less pressure it exerts
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Hydrometer
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Measures density (will displace less if the fluid is dense)
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Venturi Flowmeter
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A device used to measure the fluid speed in pipes (the basis for this concept is the Bernoulli effect)
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Hydrodynamic
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fluids that are in motion
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Hydrostatic
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fluids that are not moving
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Describe the relationship between flow rate and changes in diameter
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As the diameter of the tube decreases, the velocity of the fluid increases
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Atomic Number (Z)
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number of protons in the nucleus, located at the top of the element symbol
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Atomic Mass
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weighted average of the masses of the element's isotopes, located below the element symbol
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Isotope
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have the same atomic number but different atomic weights (same Z different A)
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Laminar Flow
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fluids move without internal turbulence (smooth flow)
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Characteristics of Noble Gases
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colorless, odorless, extremely reluctant to combine with other elements to form compounds
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Valence Shell
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outermost shell of an atom.
- elements that have the outer shell almost filled tend to accept electrons (becomes an anion), and those that have an outer shell that is nearly empty tend to lose electrons (becomes a cation) |
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Pure substances
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can't be separated into simpler components
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Mixture
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two or more pure substances
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acurracy
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agreement btwn experimental value and true data
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precision
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agreement btwn replicate measurements
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1 psi= ______ pKa
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6.90
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gravity=
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9.8 m/s^2
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density of water=
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1000 kg/m^3
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1000 Pa = _______ kPa
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1
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Patm= ____________
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101,325 Pa
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