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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dalton's Theory
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Hard sphere because atom is indivisible
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Thomson's Theory
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Plum pudding because the atom is neutral
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Rutherford's theory
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The gold foil experiment, atom has a lot of empty space, nucleus is positively charged, alpha particles pass through undettered.
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Niels Bohr's theory |
planetary model, sun= nucleus (protons + neutrons), planets=electrons, orbits=principal energy levels AKA electron shells,
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Principal Energy Level |
PEL 1 - MAX 2, PEL 2 - MAX 8, PEL 3 - MAX 18, PEL 4 - MAX 32
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Subatomic particles and masses
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Neutron - 0 - 1 amu Proton - + - 1 amu Electron - (-) - 1/1836 amu Alpha particle - +2 - 4 amu Beta Particle = Electron - 1/12 the mass of 12 6 C, carbon 12 is the most common isotope of nature |
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Wave mechanical model - Electron cloud
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where cloud is dense (thick) high probability of finding electrons
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Bright Line Spectrum |
The electrons are returning to its lower principal energy level or from ground state to excited back to ground
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Isotopes
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each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei |
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Nuclear charge |
the charge on the nucleus of the atom of an element. #protons in the nucleus plus the + sign |
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Diatomic & Monatomic Molecules
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Diatomic - 2 of the same atoms of an element Monatomic - 1 atom of an element |
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Liquids, Gases, Solids
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Gases - H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2 Liquid - Br2 Solid - I2 |
