Chemistry (Smelting - Standard Reduction Potential)

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Smelting

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A melting process in which the materials formed in the course of the chemical reactions that occur separate into two or more layers

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Sol-gel process

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A process in which extremely small particles of uniform size are produced in a series of chemical steps, followed by controlled heating

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Solid

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Matter that has both a definite shape and a definite volume

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Solubility

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The amount of a substance that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature to form a saturated solution

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Solubility product constant

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An equilibrium constant related to the equilibrium between a solid salt and its ions in solution. it provides a quantitative measure of the solubility of a slightly soluble salt

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Solute

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A substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution; it is normally the component of a solution present in the smaller amount

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Solution

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A mixture of substances that has a uniform composition; a homogeneous mixture

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Solution alloy

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A homogeneous alloy with the components distributed uniformly throughout

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Solvation

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The clustering of solvent molecules around a solute particle

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Solvent

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The dissolving medium of a solution it is normally the component of a solution present in the greater amount

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Specific heat

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The heat capacity of 1 g of a substance; the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of substance by 1 degree C

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Spectator ions

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Ions that go through a reaction unchanged and that appear on both sides of the complete ionic equation

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Spectrochemical series

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A list of ligands arranged in order of their abilities to split the d orbital energies