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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mole, Avogadro's Number?
The represetative particles? |
Mole of a substance represents 6.02x10^23 representative particles of that substance (Just like how a dozen eggs represent 12 eggs)
Refers to the species present in a substance~ Atoms, Molecules, and Formula Units (ions) |
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How to determine how many atoms are in a mole of a compound?
(How many atoms are in 1 mole of CO2) |
First determine how much atoms are in a representative particle. (3 atoms)
Then multiply it waith avogadro's numer. (3xavogadro's number) |
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Gram Atomic Mass
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Atomic mass of an element expressed in grams
-previously we learned that the atomic mass of an element is expressed in amu. -1 mole of an atom is the direct translation between its mass number and grams. 1molex1amu=grams |
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Gram Molecular Mass
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GMM of an molecular compound is the mass of 1 mole of that compound.
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Gram Formula Mass
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The mass of 1 mole of an ionic compound
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How to calculate the mass mole of a compound?
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Find the gam for the atoms and add it up.
*don't forget coefficients and subscripts |
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Molar Mass
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Is the mass of 1 one mole of the substance (GAM,GMM,GFM)
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Standard Temperature and Pressure
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Gas is measured in STP, temperature is 0c and pressure is 1ATM or 101.3KPA
-At STP 1mole of gas occupies 22.4L of space so 22.4L of space will contain 6.02x10^23 rp |
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How is volume,representative particles, and mass all connected?
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Everything goes through the mole to become anything else.
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Percent Composition
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The relative amount of each element in a compound are expressed as the percent compostion.
Or the precent by mass of each element in a compound |
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Equation for the %mass.
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%mass of element E= gram element E / grams of compounds x 100%
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How to find molecular formula
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First calculate the GMM of the compound.
Then divide the given GMM by the GMM of the compound. |
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Combination Reaction
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2 or more substances combine to form a single substance
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Rules for combination reaction
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Nonmetal+Metal=Salt
Metal+Oxygen=Metal Oxide Nonmetal+Oxygen=Nonmetal Oxide Cation+Cation=no reaction Metal Oxide+water=Metal hydroxide Nonmetal Oxide+water=Acid Nitrogen+Hydrogen=Ammonia Ammonia+Water=Ammonium Hydroxide |
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Decomposition Reaction
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A single compound is broken down into two or more products.
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Rules for Decomposition Reaction
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Metal Carbonate=Metal oxide and CO2
Most metal hydroxide=metal oxide and water Metal Chlorates=metal chlorides and oxygen Acids=nonmetal oxide and water H2O=2H2=O2 NaCl=Na+Cl NH4OH=H2O=NH3 |
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Single Replacement Reaction
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One element replaces a second element in a compound.
A reaction will not occur if the element that is replacing the second element has a higher reactivity |
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Double Replacement Reaction
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Exchange of positive ions between two reacting compounds.
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Rules for Singel Replacement
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A1 metal+H2O=metal hydroxide+hydrogen
Aluminum+H2O=metal hydroxide+hydrogen A2 metal+H2O=metal oxide+hydrogen Replacement of hydrogen by acids by active metal Replacement of nonmetals by more active nonmetals |
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Neutralization Reaction
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The formation of water, a reaction between an acid and a base.
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Combustion of a Hydrocarbon or Combustion Reaction
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An element or compound reacts with oxygen often producing energy as heat and light.
Complete combustion means it will produce CO2 and H2O. Incomplete Combustion will produce CO |
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Complete Ionic Equation
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Equation that shows dissolved ionic compounds
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Spectator Ions
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Ions that are not directly involved in the reaction
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Net Ionic Equation
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The equation that indicates only those particles that actuallly take part in the reaction.
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