Chemistry Of Everything - Chapter 3

Front 1

Addition Reaction

Back 1

when double bonds are changed to single bonds (Fig 3.10), with the addition of H

Front 2

Allotrope

Back 2

one of 2 or more forms of an element (eg, diamond and graphite)

Front 3

Bond energy

Back 3

Strength of a bond, measured in joules

Front 4

Condensed structure

Back 4

representative shorthand of atomic groups

(103)

Front 5

Delocalization

Back 5

alternating pattern of single and double bonds (Soccer ball) that allow electrons to spread out & diffuse over areas of alternation, common in carbon containing molecules and adds stability in Resonance stabilization)

Front 6

Doping

Back 6

adding to semi-conducting elements in order to adjust their reactivity

Front 7

Double bond

Back 7

pair of bonds, each containing 2 electrons for a total of 4 shared electrons

Front 8

Electron dot structure

Back 8

sketch model indicating the position of all valence electrons in a molecule.

Front 9

Electron pair geometry

Back 9

similar to Molecular Geometry but containing non-binding pairs which are not part of MG

Front 10

Electron pair geometry

Back 10

similar to Molecular Geometry but containing non-binding pairs which are not part of MG

Front 11

Full structure

Back 11

long hand description of molecular structure

Front 12

Joule

Back 12

electrical charge measurement

Front 13

Line structure

Back 13

notation/sketch of molecule structure that simplify representation of H & C

Front 14

Molecular geometry

Back 14

3D model of the repulsion of electrons

Front 15

Nanotube –

Back 15

cigar shaped Carbon cage.

Front 16

Network solid

Back 16

solid with a extended system of repeated covalent bonds. Strong 3 dimensional network.

Front 17

Nonbonding pair

Front 18

Octet rule

Back 18

states that each atom needs 8electrons in its valence

Front 19

Resonance stabilization

Back 19

the additional stability that comes from delocalization

Front 20

Saturated Molecule

Back 20

Contains only single bonds and will not accept additional H (Hydrogen)

Front 21

Semiconductor

Back 21

conducts in specific circumstances, like Silicone in light. Can be “doped” to alter/enhance reactivity.

Front 22

Shortened structure

Back 22

shorthand for molecular structure, specifically of methyl groups, which tend to be organic. eg, -CH3instead of

Front 23

Tetrahedron

Back 23

Pyramid like (4 point) carbon atom depiction

Front 24

Triple bond

Back 24

triplet of bonds, each containing two electrons for a total of six electrons

Front 25

Uniqueness principle

Back 25

regarding proximity of electrons to nucleus. Period 2 are small and have only a few, but very close electrons.

Front 26

Unsaturated Molecule

Back 26

Containing one or more multiple bonds where Hydrogen (H) can be added to make multiple bonds into single bonds

Front 27

VSEPR theory

Back 27

suggests that all atoms surrounding a central atom are trying to get away from each other. Repelling of electrons.

Front 28

BONDING RULES FOR ELEMENTS IN UNCHARGED ORGANIC MOLECULES

Back 28

H---1

O---1

S---2

N---3

C---4