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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypothesis
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An explanation of certain facts for further experimentation.
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Theory
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Well established hypothesis.
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Law
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Simple statement which no exceptions are known under given conditions.
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Matter
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Anything that has mass and occupies space.
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Solid
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Definite shape, definite volume, particles are tightly packed (rigid), and very slight compressibility.
(Ex: Aluminum, copper. gold, salt, sand, steel, sulfur) |
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Liquid
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Indefinite shape, definite volume, particles move independently together, and slight compressibility.
(Ex: Alcohol, blood, gasoline, honey, mercury, oil, vinegar, water) |
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Gas
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Indefinite shape, indefinite volume, particles move independently relatively apart, and high compressibility.
(Ex: Acetylene, air, butane, carbon dioxide, chlorine, helium, methane, oxygen) |
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Substance
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A particular kind of matter which a definite, fixed composition. (Also known as pure substances).
Can either elements or compounds. |
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Homogenous
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Uniform in appearance and has the same properties throughout.
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Heterogeneous
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Matter consisting of two or more physically distinct phases.
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Phase
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A homogeneous part of a system separated from other parts by physical boundaries.
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System
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The body of matter .
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Mixture
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A materiel containing two or more substances and can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. They are also variable in composition.
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Measurement
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A quantitative observation.
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Scientific Notation
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Writing a number as the product of a number between 1 and 10, multiplied by 10, raised to some power.
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Write in Scientific Notation:
2468 |
2.468 x 10 ^3
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Write in Scientific Notation:
5283 |
5.283 x 10 ^3
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Write in Scientific Notation:
4500000000 |
4.5 x 10 ^9
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Significant Figures (Sig-figs)
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Digits used to express a measured quantity.
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Rules for Sig-figs
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Significant:
Nonzero digits Exact numbers Between nonzero digits At the end of a number that includes decimal NOT Significant: Before the 1st non-zero digit At the end of a number without a decimal point |
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How many sig-figs?
4.5 |
2
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How many sig-figs?
3.025 |
4
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How many sig-figs?
0.001 |
1
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How many sig-figs?
12.20 |
4
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Rounding off Numbers
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Digits dropped from a number where the value of the last digit retained is determined.
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Round to 4 sig-figs
42.246 |
42.25
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Round to 3 sig-figs
88.015 |
88.0
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Round to 2 sig-figs
0.08965 |
0.090
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Round to 3 sig-figs
225.3 |
225
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Rules of sig-figs in multiplication/division
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The answer must contain the SAME number of significant figures as the measurement that has the LEAST number of significant figures.
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Solve the example and round to the appropriate amount of sig-figs.
(190.6) x (2.3) |
= 438.38 --> 440
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Solve the example and round to the appropriate amount of sig-figs.
(13.59) x (6.3) / 12 |
= 7.13475 --> 7.1
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Solve the example and round to the appropriate amount of sig-figs.
213 miles / 4.20 hours |
= 50.7 mi/hr
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Solve the example and round to the appropriate amount of sig-figs.
0.0321 x 42 |
= 1.3
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Solve the example and round to the appropriate amount of sig-figs.
1.280 / 0.345 |
= 3.71
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