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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define chemistry
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study of matter and its changes
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matter
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anything that takes up space and has mass.
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organic chemistry
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studying the chemistry of compounds that contain carbon atoms
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inorganic chemistry
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studying the chemistry of compounds that do not contain carbon atoms.
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biochemistry
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study of compounds that are associated with living systems
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analytical chemistry
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detecting, identifying, and quantifying chemicals.
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physical property
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observed or measured without changing the identity.
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chemical property
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change in the composition does change.
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Who discovered the electron
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JJ Thomson
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Who discovered alpha particles
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Rutherford
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Who proposed neutral atom
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Rutherford
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define ion
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number or protons and electrons are different
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positivly charged ions are called, while neg. charged ions are..
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cations....anions.
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atomic mass
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weighted average of masses of all isotopes of an element
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Pauli Exclusion Principle
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can hold up to 2 electrons
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Group 1
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Alkali metals
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group 2
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alkaline earth metals
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group 16
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chalcogens
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group 17
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halogens
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group 18
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noble gases
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Characterictics of metals
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malleable, shiny, ductile, loses electrons, conducts electricity.
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ionic bonds usually form with
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metal and a nonmetal
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covalent bonds usually form with
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two nonmetals
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NACN
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sodium cyanide
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FeSO4
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Iron(II)sulfate
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define isomers
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same chemical formula but different molecular structure.
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in VSEPR how many degrees are linear?
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180
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Degree of trigonal planar
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120
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Degree of tetrahedral
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109.5
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define pyramidal
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3 electrons pairs with one love pair
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define bent
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2 electron pairs with two lone pairs
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the 4 biggest "bullies" in wanting to get electrons
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Flourine, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Chlorine.
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define electronegativity
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measure of the abolity of an atom to attract electrons.
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When there is a big difference in electronegativity the atom is more...
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polar.
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When the electronegaticity is greater than 2 then..
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its an ionic bond
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a dipole is..
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1 end is positive and 1 end is negative.
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Polar molecules (2 things)
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have higher boiling points and are more soluble.
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law of mass conservation
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matter cannot be created nor destroyed in any physical/chemical change.
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the mole is known as
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Avogodro's number.
6.02x10 (23) |
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who discovered the neutron
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chadwick
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homogeneous
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having uniform composition
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heterogeneous
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having nonuniform composition
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suspension
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a heterogeneous mixture that settles
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colliod
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heterogeneous that does not settle
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solution
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homogeneous that does not settle
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