Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
electromagnetic radiation
|
a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space
|
|
|
electromagnetic spectrum
|
all the forms of electromagnetic radiation together
|
|
|
wavelength
|
the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves
|
|
|
frequency
|
the number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time [usually one second]
|
|
|
photoelectric effect
|
the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal
|
|
|
quantum
|
the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom
|
|
|
ground state
|
the lowest energy state of an atom
|
|
|
excited state
|
state in which an atom has a higher potential energy thatn its ground state
|
|
|
line-emission spectrum
|
when a narrow beam of light emitted from an atom is shined through a prism, it separates into four specific colors
|
|
|
continuous spectrum
|
the emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation
|
|
|
diffraction
|
the bending of a wave as it passes by the edge of an object or through a small opening
|
|
|
interference
|
when waves overlap
|
|
|
heisenberg uncertainty principle
|
states that its impossible to simultaneously determine both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle
|
|
|
quantum theory
|
theory that describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles
|
|
|
orbital
|
a three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron
|
|
|
quantum numbers
|
specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals
|
|
|
principal quantum number
|
[n] indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron
|
|
|
angular momentum quantum number
|
[l] indicates the shape of the orbital
[s / p / d / f] |
|
|
magnetic quantum number
|
[m] indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus
_ _ _ _ _ |
|
|
spin quantum number
|
indicates the fundamental spin states of the electron
|
|
|
electron configuration
|
the arrangement of electrons in an atom
|
|
|
aufbau principal
|
an electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital that can receive it
|
|
|
pauli exclusion principle
|
no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum numbers
[most have opposite spin states in same orbital] |
|
|
hund's rule
|
orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state
|
|
|
inner-shell electrons
|
electrons that are not in the highest-occupied energy level
|
|
|
highest occupied energy level
|
electron-containing main energy level with the highest principle quantum number
|
|
|
noble gas configuration
|
refers to an outer main energy level occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons]
|
