Chemistry Chapter 13

Front 1

dissociation

Back 1

the separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves

Front 2

net ionic equation

Back 2

equation which includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution

Front 3

spectator ions

Back 3

ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution both before and after the reaction

Front 4

ionization

Back 4

process in which ions are formed from solute molecules by the action of the solvent

Front 5

strong electrolyte

Back 5

any compound whose dilute aqueous solutions conduct electricity well; all or almost all of the dissolved compound is ions

Front 6

weak electrolyte

Back 6

any compound whose dilute aqueous solutions conduct electricity poorly; a small amount of the dissolved compound is ions

Front 7

colligative properties

Back 7

properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their identity

Front 8

nonvolatile substance

Back 8

raises the boiling point and lowers the freezing point;
substance that has little tendency to become a gas under existing conditions

Front 9

molal freezing-point constant

Back 9

-1.86C/m
the freezing point depression of the solution in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute

Front 10

freezing-point depression

Back 10

the difference between the freezing points of the pure solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte of that solvent; directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

Front 11

molal boiling-point constant

Back 11

0.51C/m
the boiling point elevation of the solvent in a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute

Front 12

boiling-point elevation

Back 12

the difference between the boiling points of the pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte solution of that solvent; directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

Front 13

semipermeable membrane

Back 13

allows the passage of some particles while blocking the passage of others

Front 14

osmosis

Back 14

movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from the side of lower solute concentration to the side of higher solute concentration

Front 15

osmotic pressure

Back 15

the external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis