Chemistry Chapter 3

Front 1

Greenhouse Effect: Role of green plants and photosynthesis

Back 1

Absorb CO2 during photosyntesis

Front 2

Greenhouse Effect: Ice Core Dating

Back 2

Use data from ice cores to reconstruct greenhouse gas concentration and temperature information going back as far as 160,000 years ago

Front 3

Greenhouse Effect: Oxygen/Ozone Screen

Back 3

<_320 nm = ozone
<-242 nm = oxygen
Higher wavelength lower energy

Front 4

Greenhouse Effect: Role of visible, IR radiation

Back 4

Molecules absorb then then they vibrate and return heat energy to earth

Front 5

Isotopes

Back 5

Two forms of the same element whose atom numbers differ in number of nuetrons and hence in mass (Carbon 14 had 6 protons (atomic number) and 8 neutrons which add up to 14)

Front 6

Carbon Dioxide

Back 6

Bending is less energy and strechting is more energy

Front 7

Transmission vs absorption

Back 7

High transmittence = low absorbance

Front 8

C-14 Dating

Back 8

determine the age of carbonaceous materials

Front 9

UV Dissociates

Back 9

Higher energy photons with high frequencies and short wavelengths can break up molecules. The less energetic photons of infrared light cause many molecules to vibrate

Front 10

Bio Chemistry

Back 10

The study of living things

Front 11

Organic Chemistry

Back 11

The study of carbon containing compunds

Front 12

Inorganic Chemistry

Back 12

The study of minerals

Front 13

Analytical Chemistry

Back 13

the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition and structure

Front 14

Physical Chemistry

Back 14

provide molecular-level interpretations of observed macroscopic phenomena.

Front 15

Carbon Cycle

Back 15

The cycle is usually thought of as four main reservoirs of carbon interconnected by pathways of exchange. The reservoirs are the atmosphere, terrestrial biosphere (usually includes freshwater systems), oceans, and sediments (includes fossil fuels). (gas liquid, solid, animal, mineral)

Front 16

CO2 Sources

Back 16

Fossil Fuel combustion, cement production, tropical deforestation

Front 17

CO2 Sinks (Stores)

Back 17

Atmosphere, Uptake by ocean, Northern Hemisphere, forest regrowth, CO2 fertilization, nitrogen fertilization, climatic effects?

Front 18

Percent Composition

Back 18

What Percent of CO2 is C C=12g 2 X O=16 X 2= 32g
CO2=44g 12 is 27%

Front 19

Moles

Back 19

Number of atoms and molescules taking place in an reaction is proportional to the number of moles of the same substance

Front 20

Greenhouse effefct on oceans

Back 20

Oceans warmer

Front 21

Greenhouse effect on arable land

Back 21

Drier, less arable

Front 22

Greenhouse effect on tree line

Back 22

North

Front 23

Greenhouse effect on tropical disease

Back 23

Less plant groth, less CO2 absortion

Front 24

Differences Between Greenhouse effect and global warming

Back 24

Global warming is the result if concentrations of greenhouse gases increase, returning more than the usual portion of the heat (infrared radiation) radiated by the earth so global warming is more intense effect cause by greenhouse gases

Front 25

Alternatives to CFC's

Back 25

HCFC's and HFC's

Front 26

Kyoto Protocol

Back 26

Not signed by the US, established goals to stabilize and reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration levels that are more environmentally responsible

Front 27

Global Warming

Back 27

Mostly the troposphere, involves CO2, CH4, and N20, Molescules absorb IR which vibrate and reemmit to earth, increasing global temp., release CO2 from fossil fuels is the source of problem, contorlled by Kyoto Protocol

Front 28

Ozone Depletion

Back 28

Stratosphere, substances O3, O2, CFCs, UV absorbed and dissociated into smaller fragments, increasing exposure to UV radiation, source is CFC's release Cl which destorys O3, can cause skin cancer, controlled by Montreal Protocol