Chemistry Chapter 21

Front 1

What is the trend with regards to physical state of hydrocarbons ?

Back 1

Shorter chains are primarily liquids and gases, the longer the chain then gets the more solid it becomes.

Front 2

What is meant with a saturated hydrocarbon ?

Back 2

It has four hydrogens bonded to a single carbon atom.

Front 3

What is the key characteristic of an alkane ?

Back 3

Single bonds between carbon atoms.

Front 4

What is the general formula for alkanes ?

Back 4

CnH2n+2.

Front 5

Which intermolecular forces are present between alkane molecules ?

Back 5

London forces.

Front 6

Would you expect an alkane with a relatively long chain to have a higher or lower boiling point ?

Back 6

Higher.

Front 7

What is an isomer ?

Back 7

Molecules that have the same molecular formulas as other molecules but differ in structure.

Front 8

Why can the conformation of an alkane change ?

Back 8

The single bond between carbon atoms allow free rotation, therefore it can change its conformation.

Front 9

What are the two possibilities for conformers in alkanes ?

Back 9

1. Staggered
2. Eclipsed

Front 10

How many carbons are usually in a stable cycloalkane ?

Back 10

Five or six.

Front 11

What are the two possible conformations for a cycloalkane with six carbons ? Indicate which is more stable.

Back 11

1. Boat
2. Chair (more stable)

Front 12

What is the difference between primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons ?

Back 12

A primary carbon is attached to a single carbon atom, a secondary carbon is attached to two carbon atoms, a tertiary carbon is attached to three carbon atoms etc.

Front 13

True or false: Alkanes are highly reactive.

Back 13

False. Alkanes are relatively nonreactive.