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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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element classification that conducts electricity, has a metallic luster, and is malleable
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metal
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element classification that does not conduct electricity and is neither malleable nor ductile
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nonmetal
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element classification that has the appearance and some physical properties of metal but behaves chemically like a nonmetal
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metalloid
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atoms w/ the same atomic number but w/ different mass #s
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isotope
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device used for determining the mass of a given type of atom
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mass spectrometer
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charge of electrons
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negative (e-)
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charge of neutrons
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neutral
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charge of protons
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positive p
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what are the three parts of atoms?
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1) subatomic particles
2) nucleus (protons and neutrons) 3) electrons (surrounding nucleus) |
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positively charged ion
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cation
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negatively charged ion
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anion
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expected charge of elements in groups 1 & 2
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catoins, equal to group number
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expected charge of elements in groups 12 & 13
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cations w/ charge equal to group # minus 10
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expected charge of elements to the right side of table
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anion, group # minus 18
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ions that consist of more than one atom bonded together and have an overall positive or negative charge
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polyatomic
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polyatomic anions that contain oxygen (the most common polyatomic anions)
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oxoanions
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a group of ions w/ a composition given by the formula of an ionic compound
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formula unit
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characteristic that can be observed or measured w/o changing the identity of the substance
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physical property
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ability of a substance to change into another substance
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chemical property
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liquid gas or solid
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state of matter/ physical state
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common physical properties
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melting pt
boiling pt vapor pressure color state of matter density electrical conductivity solubility adsorption to a surface hardness |
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common chemical properties
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reaction w/ acids
" " bases(alkalis) " " oxygen ability to act as oxidizing agent " " reducing " " reaction w/ other elements decomposition into simpler substances corrosion |
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differences between mixtures and compounds
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mixture: components can be separated using physical techniques
compound:^can't m: composition is variable c: c^is fixed m:properties are related to those of its components c: ^unrelated |
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technique of separating mixtures that makes use of differences in solubility
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filtration
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technique of separating mixtures that makes use of different boiling points
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distillation
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one of the most sensitive techniques for separating and identifying components of a mixture that relies on the different abilities of substances to adsorb to surfaces
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chromatography
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1 milliLiter equals
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1 cubic centimeter
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properties that depend on the size of the sample, like mass and volume
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extensive
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a property that is independent of the size of the sample
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intensive property
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units are multiplied and divided like numbers, _________ _______ are built up from base units
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derived units
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