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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Argon has a density of 1.78 g/L at STP. Which of the following gases has a density greater than argon at STP?
a) O2 b) He c) NH3 d) CO2 e) NO |
d) CO2
density of STP= molar mass/22.4L |
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Real gases behave most like ideal gases at a _________ pressure and a __________ temperature?
a) low, high b) high, low c) low, low d) high, high e) any of these |
a) low, high
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An Ideal Gas is one that follows these laws without exception; an ideal gas does NOT exist.
If a real gas is at a high temperature (above 25oC) and a low pressure (below 1 atmosphere, atm), the gas behaves more like an ideal gas. At low pressures the distance between the particles is greatest which minimizes interactive forces; at high temperatures the rapid motion of the particles allows the particles to overcome the interactive forces more easily. |
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Which of the following statements is true?
a) The viscosity of a liquid increases with a decrease in its temperature. b) Dipole-dipole attractions occur only among polar molecules. c) The vapor pressure of a liquid increases with an increase in the temperature of the liquid. d) Polar molecules have a greater surface tension than nonpolar molecules. e) All of the above statements are true. |
e) All of the above statements are true.
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What are the condensed states of matter?
a) solids only b) solids and liquids only c) gases only d) liquids only |
b) solids and liquids only
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The first particles to evaporate from a liquid are _____.
a) those with the lowest kinetic energy b) those with the highest kinetic energy c) those farthest from the surface of the liquid |
b) those with the highest kinetic energy
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The escape of gas molecules from the surface of an open container of liquid is known as _____.
a) boiling b) sublimation c) evaporation d) condensation |
c) evaporation
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evaporation: conversion of a liquid to a gas below the boiling point of the liquid (in an open container)
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When the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the liquid _____.
a) condenses b) freezes c) boils d) no change is observed |
c) boils
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Boiling point: the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the external pressure
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The melting points of ionic solids compared to molecular solids tend to be _____.
a) higher b) lower c) about the same |
a) higher
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chap 6 notes
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Most solids ________.
a) are dense and incompressible b) have high melting points c) are amorphous in nature d) consist of particles in chaotic motion |
a) are dense and incompressible
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chap 6 notes
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The direct change of a substance from a solid to a gas is called _____.
a) evaporation b) sublimation c) condensation d) boiling |
b) sublimation
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30. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the kinetic theory?
a) Gases consist of hard spherical particles. b) All gas particles move in constant random motion. c) Particles in a gas are assumed to have an insignificant volume. d) Particles in a gas are attracted to each other. e) Collisions between gas particles are elastic. |
d) Particles in a gas are attracted to each other.
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Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container?
a) because there is a corresponding increase in the number of particles striking an area of the wall of the container per unit time b) because there is a corresponding increase in the temperature c) because there is a corresponding decrease in volume d) because there is a corresponding increase in the force of the collisions between the particles and the walls of the container |
a) because there is a corresponding increase in the number of particles striking an area of the wall of the container per unit time
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Why does air leave a tire when the tire valve is opened?
a) because the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire b) because the pressure outside the tire is greater than the pressure inside the tire c) because the temperature is higher outside the tire than inside the tire d) because there are more gas particles outside the tire than inside the tire |
a) because the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire
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Increasing the volume of a given amount of gas at constant temperature causes the pressure to decrease because _____.
a) the molecules are striking a larger area with the same force b) there are fewer molecules c) the molecules are moving more slowly d) there are more molecules |
a) the molecules are striking a larger area with the same force
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What happens to the pressure inside a container if the temperature of the gas is lowered? It _______.
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same |
b) decreases
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Which of these changes would NOT cause an increase in the pressure of a gaseous system?
a) The container is made larger. b) The temperature is increased. c) Another gas is added to the container. d) Additional amounts of the same gas are added to the container. |
a) The container is made larger.
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guess
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As the temperature of a gas in a balloon decreases, _____.
a) the volume increases b) the average kinetic energy of the gas decreases c) the pressure increases d) all of these |
b) the average kinetic energy of the gas decreases
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What is the term for the dissolving medium in a solution?
a) solvent b) solute c) solvator d) emulsifier |
a) solvent
Solute NaCl Solvent Water |
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Which of the following is an electrolyte?
a) NaOH b) C12H22O11 c) CCl4 d) all of these |
electrolytes are ionic so
a) NaOH |
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What type of compound is always an electrolyte?
a) nonpolar covalent b) polar covalent c) ionic |
c) ionic
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Which of the following mixture types is characterized by the settling of particles?
a) solution b) suspension c) colloid d) suspension & colloid |
b) suspension
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p 202 203
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Which of the following types of mixture can be filtered to remove particles?
a) suspensions only b) colloids only c) solutions only d) solutions & colloids |
a) suspensions only
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guess
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Which of the following types of mixtures exhibit the Tyndall effect?
a) solutions only b) colloids only c) colloids & suspensions d) suspensions only |
c) colloids & suspensions
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p 180
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How does the solubility of most solids vary as the temperature increases? The solubility _____.
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same |
a) increases
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p 181
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What happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid if the temperature of the liquid in increased? The solubility __.
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same |
b) decreases
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p 181
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If the pressure of a gas above a liquid is increased (at constant temperature), the solubility of the gas in the
liquid ______. a) remains unchanged b) increases c) decreases d) impossible to determine |
b) increases
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p 181
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What does not change when a solution is diluted by the addition of more solvent?
a) volume of solvent b) mass of solvent c) number of moles of solute d) molarity of solution e) mass of solution |
c) number of moles of solute
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Colligative properties depend upon _____.
a) the nature of the solute b) the nature of the solvent c) the number of particles dissolved in the solution d) none of these |
c) the number of particles dissolved in the solution
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Which of the following will depress the freezing point of water the most?
a) 1.0 M NaCl b) 1.0 M C12H22O11 c) 1.0 M CaCl2 d) 1.0 M CCl4 |
c) 1.0 M CaCl2
Ionic depress the best and it has more Ions than NaCl |
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Why does a solute depress the freezing point?
a) because the solute is colder than the solvent b) because the solute disrupts crystal formation by the solvent c) because the solute tends to sink to the bottom of the solution d) because the solute has bigger molecules than the solvent |
b) because the solute disrupts crystal formation by the solvent
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Which of the following is a colligative property of a solution?
a) boiling point elevation b) freezing point depression c) vapor pressure lowering d) osmotic pressure e) all of the above |
e) All of the above
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p 191
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What happens to the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a sample of gas if the temperature is increased? It ________.
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same d) first increases and then decreases |
a) increases
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How does the atmospheric pressure at altitudes in the mountains compare to the atmospheric pressure at sea level? It is ______.
a) higher b) lower c) the same |
b) lower
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chap 6 notes
-at high altitudes, the atmospheric pressure is lower than at sea level. A liquid boils at a lower temperature in the mountains than at sea level |
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According to the kinetic theory of gases, _______.
a) the particles of a gas move independently of each other b) the particles in a gas move rapidly c) the particles in a gas are far apart d) all of the above |
d) all of the above
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chap 5 notes
An Ideal Gas follows the Kinetic Theory of Gases: 1-Gases are made up of very tiny particles; these particles are in constant, random motion. 2-The distance between the particles of gas is very large in comparison to the size of the particles themselves. (A gas is mostly empty space.) 3- All of the gas particles behave independently. They do NOT exert any forces of attraction (or repulsion) on each other. 4-Particles of gas move in straight lines. They collide with each other and the walls of the container without losing energy. Energy may be transferred from one gas particle to another but the total energy remains constant. Due to the collisions of the gas particles, the overall motion of the gas particles is one of a chaotic, zigzag motion. 5-The average kinetic energy of the gas particles is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature. |
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The temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases is _____.
a) -273 K b) 0 K c) 0 C d) 273 C |
b) 0 K
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It is possible for equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, to contain equal numbers of particles because _____.
a) gas particles are far apart b) gas molecules are large c) this is not actually possible d) the volume of a gas molecules is inversely proportional to its mass |
a) gas particles are far apart
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Which states of matter can flow?
a) gases only b) liquids only c) gases and liquids d) solids only |
c) gases and liquids
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What happens to the temperature of a liquid as it evaporates? It ______.
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same d) increases and then decreases |
b) decreases
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-this leaves molecules with a lower average kinetic energy as liquid; the temperature of the liquid is lowered; evaporation is a cooling process (alcohol on skin; perspiration; swimming;)
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Why does a liquid’s evaporation rate increase when the liquid is heated?
a) because more surface molecules have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces holding them in the liquid b) because the average kinetic energy of the liquid decreases c) because the surface area of the liquid increases d) because the potential energy of the liquid increases |
a) because more surface molecules have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces holding them in the liquid
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Which of the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory best explains the observation that a gas can be compressed?
a) Gas molecules move at random with no attractive forces between them. b) The velocity of gas molecules is proportional to their Kelvin temperature. c) The amount of space occupied by a gas is much greater than the space occupied by the actual gas molecules. d) In collisions with the walls of the container or with other molecules, energy is conserved. e) Collisions with the walls of the container or with other molecules are elastic. |
c) The amount of space occupied by a gas is much greater than the space occupied by the actual gas molecules.
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What quantity is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the particles in a gas?
a) distance between molecules b) Kelvin temperature c) atomic mass d) formula mass e) volume of the individual particles |
b) Kelvin temperature
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chap 5 notes
5-The average kinetic energy of the gas particles is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature. |
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What is the experimental quantity that serves as a measure of resistance to flow of a liquid?
a) vapor pressure b) surface tension c) resistivity d) viscosity e) compressibility |
d) viscosity
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Surface tension ____________.
a) increases with increasing temperature b) is unaffected by temperature c) is higher for nonpolar substances than for polar ones d) is lowered by surfactants e) is the same as viscosity |
d) is lowered by surfactants
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chap 6 notes
Surfactant: substance that decreases the surface tension; includes soaps and detergents |
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What is the term that describes a liquid changing to a vapor at a temperature less than its boiling point?
a) evaporation b) sublimation c) dissociation d) condensation e) supercooling |
a) evaporation
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a) The surface tension of water is reduced by the addition of soap. b) The boiling point of a liquid is dependent on the atmospheric pressure. c) The boiling point of a liquid increases with increasing altitude. d) Polar compounds generally have higher boiling points than nonpolar compounds of similar molecular weight. e) Ionic compounds tend to have higher melting points than molecular compounds. |
c) The boiling point of a liquid increases with increasing altitude.
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chap 6 notes
-at high altitudes, the atmospheric pressure is lower than at sea level. A liquid boils at a lower temperature in the mountains than at sea level |
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A certain solid substance that is very hard, has a high melting point, and is nonconducting unless melted or dissolved in water is most likely to be
a) I2 b) NaCl c) Cu d) H2O e) diamond |
b) NaCl
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Ionic Solids:
-made up of positive and negative ions; the electrostatic forces between the oppositely-charged ions hold the crystal together -have high melting points -are hard and brittle -many are soluble in water -will conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted -examples: sodium chloride, barium oxide, etc |
