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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CHEMISTRY
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STUDY OF COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE & PROPERTIES OF MATTER & OF CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN MATTER
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MATTER
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HAS MASS & OCCUPIES SPACE
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MASS
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QUANTITY OF MATTER IN AN OBJECT
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ATOMS
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SMALLEST UNITS OF MATTER
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SUBATOMIC
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SMALLER THAN AN ATOM
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MOLECULES
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2 OR MORE ATOMS JOINED TOGETHER
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COMPOSITION
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TYPES OF ATOMS & THE RELATIVE PROPORTIONS OF DIFFERENT ATOMS IN A SAMPLE OF MATTER
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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EX: COLOR, ODOR. A CHARACTERIESTIC OF MATTER DISPLAYED W/O HAVING TO CHANGE ITS COMPOSITION.
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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
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A CHARACTERISTIC THAT MATTER DISPLAYS AS IT UNDERGOES A CHANGE IN COMPOSITION.
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PHYSICAL CHANGE
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MACROSCOPIC CHANGE BUT NO CHANGE IN COMPOSITION. EX: ICE TO WATER
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CHEMICAL CHANGE/REACTION
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CHANGE IN COMPOSITION AND OR CHANGE IN STRUCTURE OF MOLECULES. MAY ALSO PRODUCE MACROSCOPIC CHANGE.
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SUBSTANCE
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HAS A FIXED COMPOSITION
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ELEMENT
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-CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN
-ONE TYPE OF ATOM |
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COMPOUND
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-MADE UP OF ATOMS OF TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS.
-THE DIFFERENT ATOMS ARE COMBINED IN FIXED PROPORTIONS |
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MIXTURE
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-NO FIXED COMPOSITION
-HOMOGENOUS & HETEROGENOUS |
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HOMOGENOUS
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AKA: SOLUTION - SAME COMPOSITION & PROPERTIES THROUGHOUT SAMPLE
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HETEROGENOUS
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VARIES IN COMPOSITION OR PROPERTIES FROM ONE PART OF THE MIXTURE TO ANOTHER PART OF THE MIXTURE
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SCIENTIFIC LAWS
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PATTERNS SUMMARIZED IN BRIEF STATEMENTS
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SCIENTIFIC THEORIES
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EXPLANATIONS
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CELCIUS TO FARENHEIT
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TF = 1.8(TC) + 32
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FARENHEIT TO CELCIUS
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TC = TF - 32 / 1.8
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CONVERSION FACTOR
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DESIRED QTY & UNIT = GIVEN QTY & UNIT X CONVERSTION FACTOR
*DESIRED UNIT GOES IN NUM / UNIT TO BE CONVERTED GOES IN DENOMINATOR |
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DENSITY FORMULA
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d = m/V
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SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
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PROTON p+
NEUTRON n 0 ELECTRON e- |
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ATOMIC #
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# OF PROTONS IN AN ELEMENT. THE NUMBER OF PROTONS IS WHAT IDENTIFIES THE ELEMENT.
REPRESENTED BY (Z) |
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ISOTOPES
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*ATOMS W/ THE SAME # OF p+ BUT DIFFERENT # OF e-.
* SAME ATOMIC #; DIFFERENT MASS *COMMONLY WRITTEN WITH ELEMENT FOLLOWED BY THE MASS #. |
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MASS#
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PROTONS & NEUTRONS.
REPRESENTED BY (A) |
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NEUTRON FORMULA
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A-Z
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CHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR ISOTOPE
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A -> MASS# (WRITTEN AS SUPERSCRIPT) TOP LEFT HAND CORNER OF E (ELEMENT). Z-> (WRITTEN AS SUBSCRIPT) BOTTOM LEFT HAND CORNER OF E.
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ATOMIC MASS UNIT
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1/12 THE MASS OF A CARBON 12 ATOM.
*1u = 1.66054 X 10 (RAISED TO THE POWER OF -24) g |
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TO OBTAIN AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS
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CONTRIBUTION OF ISOTOPE = FRACTION ABUNDANCE X MASS OF ISOTOPE
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